Populations of Exotic × Locally Adapted Germplasm - A Potent

Experimental indigenous maize hybrids were evaluated in a series of three maize experiments during 2011, 2012 and 2013 to identify superior hybrids for commercial cultivation. Parental inbred lines of these hybrids were obtained from various indigenous populations, including a new improved maize population PSEV-3 which developed by the crossing of a locally adapted variety to an exotic hybrid obtained from CIMMYT and improved through S1 progeny recurrent selection. Two popular commercial hybrids namely, Babar (Public sector hybrid) and one Pioneer hybrid i.e., P-3025 were included as check genotypes. Results revealed that experimental PESV-3 derived hybrids revealed better performance by comparing with three check hybrids for grain yield (11.35 vs. 8.13 t ha-1, 10.67 vs. 9.60 t ha-1, and 11.69 vs. 11.20 t ha-1), thousand grain weight (372 vs. 338 g, 370 vs. 322 g, and 416 vs. 396 g), shelling % (87 vs. 86.2%, 86 vs. 85%, and 87 vs. 90%) and days to flowering (66.3 vs. 73.6 days, 64 vs. 67 days, and 69 vs. 68 days), respectively in three experiments. Three most superior hybrid combinations developed through exotic × locally adapted germplasm were found too much responsive and suggested their further testing through on-farm trials before releasing as commercial hybrids.

___

  • Abadassi J & Herve Y (2000). Introgression of temperate germplasm to improve an elite tropical maize population. Euphytica 113: 125-133
  • Aguiar C G, Schuster I, Amaral Jr A T, Scapim C A & Vieira E S N (2008). Heterotic groups in tropical maize germplasm by test crosses and simple sequence repeat markers. Genetics and Molecular Research 7: 1233-1244
  • Albrecht B & Dudley J W (1987). Evaluation of 4 maize populations containing different proportions of exotic germplasm. Crop Science 27: 480-486
  • Betran F J, Mayfield K, Isakeit T & Menz M (2006). Breeding maize exotic germplasm. Plant Breeding: The Arnel R. Hallauer Symposium 2003: Mexico City, Mexico, Iowa State Press, pp. 352-367
  • Carena M J (2005). Maize commercial hybrids compared to improved population hybrids for grain yield and agro-economic performance. Euphytica 141: 201-208
  • Carena M J, Wanner D W & Yang J (2009). Linking pre-breeding for local germplasm improvement with cultivar development in maize breeding for short-season (85-95-RM) hybrids. Journal of Plant Registrations 4(1): 86-92
  • Echandi C R & Hallauer A R (1996). Evaluation of U.S. corn belt and adapted tropical maize cultivars and their diallel crosses. Maydica 41: 317-324
  • Fan X M, Tan J, Yang J Y, Liu F, Huang B H & Huang Y X (2002). Study on combining ability for yield and genetic relationship between exotic tropical, subtropical maize inbreds and domestic temperate maize inbreds. Scientia Agricultura Sinica 35: 743749
  • Fan X M, Tan J, Zhang S H, Li M S, Huang Y X, Yang J Y, Peng Z B & Li X H (2003a). Heterotic grouping for 25 tropical maize inbreds and 4 temperate maize inbreds by SSR markers. Acta Agronomica Sinica 29: 835-840
  • Fan X M, Zhang S H, Tan J, Li M S & Li X H (2003b). Heterotic grouping of quality protein maize inbreds by SSR markers. Acta Agronomica Sinica 29: 105-110
  • Fan X M, Chen H M, Tan J, Xu C X, Zhang Y M, Huang Y X & Kang M S (2008a). A new maize heterotic pattern between temperate and tropical germplasm. Agronomy Journal 100: 917-923
  • Fan X M, Chen H M, Tan J, Xu C X, Zhang, Y D, Luo L M, Huang Y X & Kang M S (2008b). Combining abilities for yield and yield components in maize. Maydica 53: 39-46
  • FAO (2016). Food Outlook-Biannual Report On Global Food Markets. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
  • Fehr W R, Fehar E L & Jenssen H J (1987). Principles of Cultivar Development. Vol-1 Theory and Technique. Macmillan New York, USA pp. 342-346
  • Goodman M M (1992). Choosing and using tropical corn germplasm. In Proceedings Annual Corn Sorghum Industry Research Conference, Washington, D.C., USA, 47: 47-64
  • Goodman M M (1999). Broadening the genetic diversity in maize breeding by use of exotic germplasm. In: Coors JG, Pandey S, (Eds.). The Genetics and Exploitation of Heterosis in Crops, ASA-CSSA, Wisconsin, USA, pp. 139-148
  • Goodman M M, Castillo F & Moreno J (1990). Choosing and using exotic maize germplasm. Annual Illinois Corn Breeders School Proceedings pp. 148-171
  • Goodman M M, Moreno J, Castillo F, Holley R N & Carson M L (2000). Using tropical maize for temperate breeding. Maydica 45: 99-112
  • Hallauer A R (1978). Potential of exotic germplasm for maize improvement. Maize breeding and genetics. Willey, New York pp. 229-247
  • Hallauer A R & Carena M J (2009). Maize breeding. In: Carena MJ (Ed) Handbook of plant breeding: cereal breeding. Springer, New York, USA Kadubiee W & Kurianta R (2004). Multiple analysis of traits determining grain yield of inbred lines and hybrids F1 of maize. Biuletyn In
  • stytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roslin 23(1): 419-424
  • Kauffman K D, Crum C W & Lindsey M F (1982). Exotic germplasm in a corn breeding program III. Corn Breeder’s School 18: 6-39
  • Khan K, Iqbal M, Shah Z, Ahmad B, Azim A & Sher H (2003). Grain and Stover yield of corn with varying times of plant density reduction. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 6(19): 1641-1643
  • Khan K, Karim F, Iqbal M, Sher H & Ahmad B (2004). Response of maize varieties to environments in two agro-ecological zones of NWFP: Effects on morphological traits. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 20(3): 395-399 K
  • han K, Iqbal M, Sher H & Al-Qurainy F (2011). Development and release of indigenous maize hybrids to enhance maize yield in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(16): 3789-3792 Lewis R S & Goodman M M (2003). Incorporation of tropical maize germplasm into inbred lines derived from temperate x temperate-adapted tropical line crosses: Agronomic and molecular assessment. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 107: 798-805 Michelini L A & Hallauer A R (1993). Evaluation of exotic and adapted maize (Z. mays L.) germplasm crosses. Maydica 38: 275-282
  • Nelson P T & Goodman M M (2008). Evaluation of elite exotic maize inbreds for use in temperate breeding. Crop Science 48: 85-92
  • PBS (2016; 2017). Year Book. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS), Ministry of Economic Affairs and Statistics, Govt. of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Rafique M, Hussain A, Mahmood T, Alvi A W & Alvi M B (2004). Heritability and interrelationship among grain yield and yield components in maize (Z. mays L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 6(6): 1113-1114
  • Reif J C, Fischer S, Schrag T A, Lamkey K R, Klein D, Dhillon B S, Utz H F & Melchinger A (2010). Broadening the genetic base of European maize heterotic pools with US Corn Belt germplasmusing field and molecular marker data. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 120: 301-310
  • Romay M C, Ordas B, Revilla P & Ordas A (2011). Three cycles of fullsib reciprocal recurrent selection in two Spanish maize populations. Crop Science 51: 1016-1022
  • Steel R G D, Torrie J H & Dickey D A (1997). Principles and procedures of statistics: biometrical approach. 3rd ed McGraw‐Hill, USA
  • Tallury S P & Goodman M M (1999). Experimental evaluation of the potential of tropical germplasm for temperate maize improvement. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98: 54-61
  • The Nation Pakistan (2014). Hybrid maize increases production to 80-120 maunds per acre. April 24, 2014
  • Xia X C, Reif J C, Melchinger A E, Frisch M, Hoisington D A, Beck D, Pixley K & Warburton M L (2005). Genetic diversity among CIMMYT maize inbred lines investigated with SSR markers II. Subtropical, tropical mid altitude, and highland maize inbred lines and their relationships with elite U.S. and European maize. Crop Science l45: 2573-2582