Ege Bölgesi Yerel Asma Çeşitlerinin (Vitis vinifera L.) Basit Tekrar Dizileri (SSRs) ile Karakterizasyonu

Türkiye᾽nin Ege bölgesinde yetiştirilen otuz altı yerel asma çeşidi ile standart çeşitlerden Cabernet Sauvignon ve Merlot arasındaki genetik ilişkiler SSR markörleri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Kullanılan 11 SSR primeri başarılı amplifikasyonlar vermiş ve toplam 37 polimorfik bant üretmiştir. Bant sayısı primer başına 2 ile 6 arasında ve polimorfik bant sayısı 2 ile 3.6 arasında değişmiştir. Genotipler arasındaki Dice genetik benzerlik katsayıları 0.296 ile 0.882 arasında değişim göstermiştir. UPGMA dendrogramında iki ana grup ortaya çıkmıştır. Birinci grup Sultan Dimriti, Veyis ve Güvercin Gözü çeşitlerinden oluşmuştur. Yerel çeşitlerin büyük kısmının yer aldığı ikinci grup çok sayıda alt gruptan oluşmuştur. Yerel asma çeşitleri ve referans çeşitler arasındaki genetik farklılıklar açıkça gözlenmiştir. En yüksek (0.96) genetik benzerliğin Siyah Razakı ve Parmak çeşitleri arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. İnek Memesi ve Ufak Dimrit çeşitlerinin birbirinin sinonimi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca homonim çeşitlerin varlığı da ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Sonuçlar, SSR markörlerinin asma çeşitlerinin parmak izi ve genetik çeşitlilik çalışmalarında etkin bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Vitis vinifera L., Yerel üzüm çeşitleri, Moleküler markör, Basit tekrar dizileri (SSRs)

Characterization of Autochthonous Grapevine Cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) from the Aegean Region of Turkey Using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs)

Thirty-six autochthonous grapevine cultivars from the Aegean region of Turkey in addition to standard cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) were fingerprinted using SSR markers to assess their genetic relationships. Eleven SSR primers produced successful amplifications and yielded 37 polymorphic bands. The number of bands per primer changed between 2 and 6 while the number of polymorphic bands was between 2 and 3.6. Dice genetic similarity coefficients ranged between 0.296 and 0.882 among the genotypes. The UPGMA dendrogram showed two main groups. The first group was composed of Sultan Dimriti, Veyis and Güvercin Gözü cultivars. A large number of sub-groups were placed in the second group which included the majority of autochthonous cultivars. The genetic differences among the autochthonous cultivars and reference cultivars were clearly observed. The results showed that cultivars Siyah Razakı and Parmak (0.96) were the most similar ones. Synonyms were identified for İnek Memesi and Ufak Dimrit cultivars. In addition, homonymous cultivars were detected. SSR markers have proved to be an efficient tool for fingerprinting grapevine cultivars and conducting genetic diversity studies.

Keywords:

Vitis vinifera L, Autochthonous grapevine cultivars, Molecular marker, Simple sequence repeat (SSRs),

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