Doğrudan ve Geleneksel Ekimin Toprak Özelliklerine ve İkinci Ürün Mısır Verim Karakteristiklerine Etkisi

Bu çalışmada; birinci ürün kışlık buğday sonrası ikinci ürün mısır üretiminde filizlenme oranı, ürün verimi, toprak özellikleri ve çizi karakteristikleri dikkate alınarak, modifiye edilmiş doğrudan ekim makinesinin performansının DP2 , geleneksel CT ve doğrudan ekim DP1 yöntemlerine göre karşılaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Tarla denemeleri tesadüf parselleri deneme planına göre altı tekrarlı olarak yapılmıştır. Sıra üzeri mesafe 18 cm ye ayarlanmış ve kabul edilebilir aralık oranı tüm yöntemlerde yaklaşık %90 olarak bulunmuştur. İkizlenme oranı değeri en düşük CT %0.56 yönteminde, en yüksek ise DP1 %3.89 yönteminde elde edilmiştir. Tohumun sıra üzeri dağılım varyasyon katsayısı bütün uygulamalarda üst sınır kabul edilen %29’dan daha düşük hesaplanmıştır. Ekim derinliği 6 cm ye ayarlanmış ve en iyi ekim derinliği CT uygulamasında 5.99 cm ve en kötü ekim derinliği ise DP2 2.90 cm uygulamasında elde edilmiş ve ekim derinliği her üç yöntemde istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermiştir. Toprak işleme yöntemleri filizlenme oranını ve ortalama verimi istatistiksel olarak etkilememiştir. Modifiye edilmiş doğrudan ekim makinesinin performans parametreleri oldukça iyi görünmesine rağmen, sert toprak koşullarında daha iyi ekim derinliği elde edebilmek için makinenin daha fazla baskı kuvveti uygulayabilecek hale getirilmesi gerekli görünmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Toprak işleme, doğrudan ekim, tohum dağılımı, ekim indisleri, filizlenme oranı, mısır verimi

Effects of Direct and Conventional Planting on Soil Properties and Yield Characteristics of Second Crop Maize

Conventional tillage CT , a commercial direct planter DP1 , and a modified direct planter DP2 were used in this study to determine the performance of DP compared to CT and DP1 in second crop maize after winter wheat. Experiments were conducted with six replications through complete randomized block design. Average seed spacing was about 18 cm and the quality of feed index was about 90% in all methods. Multiple index was the smallest 0.56% in CT, suggesting best horizontal seed distribution whereas DP1 had the highest rate 3.89% . Variation about the mean seed spacing was less than the upper limit of 29% in precision in spacing in all cases. The adjusted seeding depth was 6.0 cm in CT 5.99 cm with the best placement and the poorest placement was found in DP2 2.90 cm . Seed depth distribution was different in the three cases P

Keywords:

Tillage, direct planting, seed distribution, seeding indices, emergence rate, maize yield,

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