Comparison of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Leaf rust caused by Pucinia recondita tritici is one of the most important diseases of bread wheat worldwide. It is considered that the most environmentally sound; low cost method of controlling leaf rust is to breed and grow genetically resistant wheat varieties. In the research, twenty-four bread wheat varieties grown intensively were used as genetic material in Trakya Region where the North-West Part of Turkey. To create artificial leaf rust epidemic in field conditions, two sensitive varieties (Morrocco and Cumhuriyet 75) was sown after each ten genotypes, and the reactions of the varieties to leaf rust were investigated in field conditions. Isogenic lines carrying the genes Lr9, Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 from CIMMYT were used as control genotypes in molecular analysis.In the field conditions, although Pehlivan, Selimiye, Sagittario, Tina, Anapo, Montchill and Saraybosna were the most sensitive genotypes, Nota, Kate A1, Prostor and Sana were the most resistant bread wheat varieties to leaf rust. It was determined that Sana, Pehlivan, Golia, Falmura 85, Saroz 95, Renan, Sirena, Kate A1, Selimiye, Bezostoja 1, Saraybosna, Nina and Tina varieties have Lr9 gene with SSR analysis. It has been observed that all bread wheat varieties carry Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 (except Krasunia, Aldane and Gelibolu varieties) genes.It is revealed that Lr9 and Lr47 genes should be taken into consideration in the studies to be performed in the region and these genes will be useful to examine together with a larger number of leaf rust genes for more successful results in breeding studies.

Keywords:

Bread wheat, Leaf rust, SSR, STR Molecular characterization,

PDF

___

Agrios G N (1997). Plant Pathology, Academic Press, San Diego, London, Boston, New York, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto.
Aktaş H (2001). Önemli hububat hastalıkları ve survey yöntemleri. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı. Bitki Sağlığı Araştırmaları Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara,74 s.
Altay F (1980). Kahverengi Pasa Mukavemet Kaynakları ve Islahı, s.217-240. Bitki Islahı Simpozyumu (22-25 Mayıs 1979, Menemen-İzmir), Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, No:17/41.
Bajwa M A, Aqil K A & Khan NI (1986). Effect of leaf rust on yield and kernel weight of spring wheat. RACHIS 5:25-28.
Blaszczyk L, Tyrka M & Chelkowski J (2005). Pst1AFLP based markers for leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat. J. Appl. Genet. 46(4):357-364.
Boyraz N & Delen S (2005). Bitkilerin hastalıklara karşı dayanıklılığında konukçu enzimlerin rolü, S.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 19 (35): 51-59.
CGIAR (2012). Wheat 2012 annual report. CIMMYT, Mexico.
Draz I S, Abou-Elseoud MS, Kamara A M , Alaa-Eldein O A & El-Bebany A F (2015). Screening of wheat genotypes for leaf rust resistance along with grain yield. Annals of Agricultural Sciences 60(1):29-39.
Elyasi-Gomari S & Lesovaya GM (2009). Harmfulness of Wheat Leaf Rust in the Eastern Part of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Archivs Phytopathol Plant Protec. 42:659-665.
Gorash A, Galaev A, Babayants O & Babayants L (2014). Leaf rust resistance of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines derived from interspecific crosses. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 101 (3): 295-302.
Gold J, Harder D, Townley-Smith F, Aung T & Pro¬cunier J (1999). Development of a molecular marker for rust resistance genes Sr39 and Lr35 in wheat breeding lines. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 2:1-2.
Greganova Z, Kraic J & Galova Z (2003). Diagnostic of wheat leaf rust resistance genes by DNA application in MAS. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 39(4):127-129.
Gupta S K, Charpe A, Koul S, Haque Q & Prabhu K (2006): Development and validation of SCAR markers co-segregating with an Agropyron elongatum derived leaf rust resistance gene Lr24 in wheat. Euphytica 150:233-240.
Gupta P K, Landridge P & Mir RR (2010). Marker-assisted wheat breeding: present status and future possibilities. Mol. Breed. 26:145-161.
Huerta-Espino J, Singh R P, German S, McCallum B D, Park R F & Chen W Q (2011). Global status of wheat leaf rust caused by P. triticina. Euphytica 179:143-160.
Imbaby I A, Mahmoud M A, Hassan M E M & Abd-El-Aziz A R M (2014). Identification of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Selected Egyptian Wheat Cultivars by Molecular Markers. The Scientific World Journal 1-7.
Jones N, Ougham H & Thomas H (1997). Markers and mapping: we are all geneticists now. New Phytol. 137:165-177.
Johnston C O & Browder L E (1966). Seventh revision of the international register of physiologic races of Puccinia recondita f. sp. Tritici. Plant Dis. Rep. 50:756-760.
Khurana R, Nayar S K & Lakhanpal T N (2004). Brown rust resistance in wheat lines from Turkey. Plant Dis. Res. (Ludhiana) 19: 20-24.
Kolmer J (2013). Leaf rust of wheat: pathogen biology, variation and host resistance. Forests 4:70-84.
Kolmer J A, Long D L & Hughes M E (2005). Physiological specialization of Puccinia triticina on wheat in the United States in 2003. Plant Dis. 89:1201-1206.
Large E C (1954). Growth stages in cereals. Illustration of the Feekes scale. Plant. Pathol. 3:128-129.
Li X, Li Z F, Li Y N, Zhao Z Q, Liu D Q, Wang C F, Gao L J & Sun D J (2010). Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene in wheat line Xinong 1163-4. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 43:2397-2402.
Lipps PE (2006). Ohio State University, Extension FactSheet, Plant Pathology, http://ohioline.osu.edu./ac-fact/0006.html.
Masojc P (2002). The application of molecular markers in the process of selection. Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters 7:499-509.
Marasas C N, Smale M & Singh R P (2004). The Economic impact in developing countries of leaf rust resistance breeding in CIMMYT-related spring bread wheat. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Mexico, DF.
McIntosh R A, Wellings C R & Park R F (1995). Wheat rusts: an atlas of resistance genes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Melchinger A E (1990). Use of molecular markers in breeding for oligogenic disease resistance. Plant Breeding, 104: 1–19.
Moldovan M, Moldovan V & Kadar R (2004). Characterization of wheat rust and powdery mildew populations in Transylvania and implications in breeding for resistance. Romanian Agric Res. 21:1-11.
Peterson R F, Campbell A B & Hannah A E (1948). A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity on leaves and stems of cereals. Can. J. Res. 60:496-500.
Prins R, Groenewald J Z, Marais G F., Snape J W & Koebner R M D (2001). AFLP and STS tagging of Lr19, a gene conferring resistance to leaf rust in wheat. Theo-retical and Applied Genetics 103:618-624.
Seyfarth R, Feuillet C, Schachermayr G, Messmer M, Winzeler M & Keller B (2000) Molecular mapping of the adult-plant leaf rust resistance gene Lr13 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J Genet. Breed. 54:193-198.
Singh R P, Huerta-Espino J, Pfeiffer W & Figueroa-Lopez P (2004). Occurrence and impact of a new leaf rust race on durum wheat in northwestern Mexico from 2001 to 2003. Plant Dis. 88:703-708.
Tonk F A & Yüce S (2007). Ekmeklik Buğday İzmir 85 Çeşidinde ve Thatcher Yakın İzogenik Hatlarında Kahverengi Pas Dayanıklılık Geni Lr13’ün SSR Markörleriyle İncelenmesi. Ege Üniv Zir Fak Dergisi 44: 13-25.
Uz-Zaman A, Khatun T, Hanefi M & Sahebi M (2017). Genetic analysis of rust resistance genes in global wheat. Cultivars. Agriculture and Environmental Biotechnology 431-445.
Vanzetti L S, Campos P, Demichelis M, Lombardo L A, Aurelia P R, Vaschetto L M, Bainotti C T & Helguera M (2011). Identification of leaf rust resistance genes in selected Argentinean bread wheat cultivars by gene postulation and molecular markers. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 14 (3): 1-17.
Wang J, Shi L, Zhu L, Li X & Liu D (2014). Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of leaf rust resist. genes in the wheat line 5R618. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 50: 262-267.
Winzeler M, Mesterházy A, Park R F, Bartos M, Csösz H, Goyeau M, Ittu E, Jones F, Löschenberger K, Manninger M, Pasquini K, Richter D, Rubiales G, Schachermayr A., Strzembicka M, Trottet O, Unger G & Vida Walther U (2000). Resistance of European winter wheat germplasm to leaf rust. Agronomie 20:783-792.
Xu X, Bai G, Carver B F, Shaner G E, Hunger R M (2005). Molecular Characterization of Slow Leaf- Rusting Resistance in Wheat. Crop Sci. 45: 758-765.