Bir Diallel Melez Mısır Populasyonunda Verim ve Verim Unsurlarına iliş kin Heterosis ve Uyum Yetenekleri Analizi

Yedi ebeveyn hat ile bunlar ı n 21 F, melezini içeren bir diallel m ı s ı r populasyonunda verim ve verim komponentleri için, genel ve özel uyum yetenekleri ve melez populasyonlardaki heterosis incelenmi ştir. Çal ışmada ele al ı nan bütün özelliklerde ortalama heterosis önemli ve tepe püskülü ç ı kış süresi hariç pozitif yönde olup, melezlerin verimi ebeveynler ortalamas ı ndan %88,56 oran ı nda daha fazla olmuştur. Koçanda tane say ı s ı ve s ı rada tane say ı s ı nda da yüksek heterosis gözlenmi ştir. Ebeveynlerin genel uyum yetenekleri etkilerine göre, YUZ P709 ve FR 64A hatlar ı tane verimi ve verim komponentleri yönünden en uygun ebeveynler olarak belirlenmi ştir. Uyum yetenekleri analizi, genel uyum yeteneğ i varyans ı n ı n tane verimi d ışı ndaki bütün özelliklerde; özel uyum yetene ğ i varyans ı n ı n ise koçanda s ı ra say ı s ı hariç bütün özelliklerde önemli oldu ğ unu göstermiştir. Koçanda s ı ra say ı s ı n ı n kal ı t ı m ı nda eklemeli gen etkileri, tane veriminin kal ı t ı m ı nda eklemeli olmayan gen etkileri daha önemli rol oynamaktad ı r. incelenen diğ er özelliklerde ise hem eklemeli ve hem de eklemeli olmayan gen etkileri önemli bulunmu ştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

M ı s ı r, Zea mays L., melez gücü, diallel analizi, gen etkileri, uyum yetenekleri

Heterosis and Combining Ability Analysis for Grain Yield and Yield Components in a Diallel Maize Population

The data for yield and yield components in a population consisting of seven inbred lines of maize along with their 21 F, hybrids were analyzed in order to study the general and specific combining ability and heterosis. Average heterosis was significant for all characters studied and positive, except days to tasseling, with the average yield of hybrids was 88.56 % above that of the parents. Heterosis was also high for ear kernel number and row kernel number. The parental lines YUZ P709 and FR 64A were identified as being the best combiners in the experiment for grain yield and yield components. Combining ability analysis showed that GCA effects were significant for all attributes, except grain yield, and SCA effects were significant for all raits evaluated, except ear row number. With respect to inheritance of grain yield, non-additive gene action was more pronounced as compared to additive gene action, whereas additive gene action was predominant for ear row number. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were significant in the inheritance of the other traits.

Keywords:

Maize, Zea mays L., heterosis, diailel analysis, gene effects, combining ability,

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