Memiş KESDEK, Şaban KORDALİ, Mahmut Alper ALTINOK, Ayşe USANMAZ BOZHÜYÜK, Hacer Handan ALTINOK

Efficacy of Various Entomopathogenic Fungi Strains as Biocontrol Agents for Control of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Cowpea seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is considered an important bruchid pest in cowpea seed storages. The used pesticides against this pest have caused the occurrence of resistant populations and direct toxicity to the users. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mortality effects of six entomopathogenic fungi isolates obtained from ARSEF (USA) collection [Paecilomyces farinosus (2538), Isaria fumosorosea (4501), Isaria farinosa (3580), Beauveria bassiana (4984), Lecanicillium muscarium (972) and Lecanicillium muscarium (5128)] against C. maculatus adults under laboratory conditions (26±2 °C, 70±5% RH and 16h light: 8h dark). The isolates were cultivated in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA, Oxoid, CM0139) medium at 26±2 ºC in dark conditions for two weeks before using them as control agents. Spore suspensions of the isolates were prepared at two different concentrations (1x105 and 1x107)and mixed with Tween 20 (0.04%). Each concentration was replicated three times and the mortality rates were observed on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th day of incubations. As a commercial control, a Mycotal extraction of L. muscarium and as a negative control, Tween 20+sterile water was used. Six entomopathogenic fungal isolates at both conidial concentrations yielded high mortalities (from 62.6% to 100%) of C. maculatus adults. These results illustrated that tested fungi strains led to significant mortalities on C. maculatus adults in all the treatments as compared to the controls. Consequently, these fungi strains were regarded as an encouraging alternative method to control the population of C. maculatus adults in the stored cowpea grains.

Keywords:

Entomopathogenic fungus, Biological control, Cowpea seed beetle, Bruchid,

PDF

___

Arthur F H (1996). Grain protectants: current status and prospects for the future. Journal of Stored Product Research 32: 293-302
Bjørnson S & Elkabir E (2019). Effects of the microsporidian pathogen, Nosema adaliae (Nosematidae) on the seven-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 168: 1-5
Cherry A J, Abalob P & Hella K (2005). A laboratory assessment of the potential of different strains of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) to control Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in stored cowpea. Journal of Stored Product Research 41: 295–309
Cox P D, Wilkin D R (1996). The potential use of biological control of pests in stored grain. Research Review, 36. Home-Grown Cereals Authority, London, England pp. 1-53
Demirci F, Mustu M, Kaydan, M B & Ulgentürk S (2011). Laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of the entomopathogen; Isaria farinosa, on citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri. Journal of Pest Science 84: 337–342
Draganova S, Staneva E & Georgieva D (2007). Bioassays with isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. against adults of Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Acta Entomologica Bulgaria 13 (3): 104–111 Draganova S, Takov D & Doychev D (2007). Bioassays with isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Paecilomyces farinosus (Holm.) Brown & Smith against Ips sexdentatus Boerner and Ips acuminatus Gyll. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Plant Science, 44(1): 24–28
Erler F & Ateş Ö (2015). Potential of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), as biological control agents against the June beetle. Journal of Insect Science 15 (1): 1-6
Faria M R D & Wraight S P (2007). Mycoinsecticides and Mycoacaricides: A comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types. Biological Control 43: 237-256
Ferroni P (1977). Influence of relative humidity on the development of fungal infection caused by Beauveria bassiana in imagines of Acanthoscelides obtectus. Entomophaga 22: 393-396
Fox W C & Tatar M (1994). Oviposition substrate affects adult mortality, independent of reproduction, in the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Ecological Entomology 19 (2): 108-110
Gökçe A & Er M K (2005). Pathogenicity of Paecilomyces spp. to the glasshouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, with some observations on the fungal infection process. Journal of Turkish Agriculture And Forestry 29: 331–339
Isman M B (2006). Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection 19: 603–608
Khashaveh A, Ziaee M & Safaralizadeh M H (2011). Control of pulse beetle, Callosubruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in different cereals using spinosad dust in storage conditions. Journal of Plant Protection Research 51 (1): 77-81
Khetan S K (2001). Microbial pest control. Marcel Dekker Publications, New York, 223 pp
Komaki M, Kordalı Ş, Usanmaz Bozhüyük A, Altınok H H, Kesdek M, Şimşek D & Altınok M A (2017). Laboratory assessment for biological control of Tribolium confusum du Val., 1863 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) by Entomopathogenic fungi. Journal of Turkish Entomology 41 (1): 95-103
Mahfuz I & Khalequzzaman M (2007). Contact and fumigant toxicity of essential oils against Callosobruchus maculatus. University Journal Zoology, Rajshahi University 26: 63-66
Marshall R K, Lester M T, Glare T R & Christeller J T (2003). The fungus, Lecanicillium muscarium, is an entomopathogen of passionvine hopper (Scolypopa australis). New Zealand Journal of Crop And Horticultural Science 31: 1-7
Mauchline N A & Stannard K A (2013). Evaluation of selected entomopathogenic fungi and bio-insecticides against Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera). New Zealand Plant Protection 66: 324-332
Moina A, Alves, S B & Pereira R M (1998). Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin isolates for control of stored grain pests. Journal of Applied Entomology 122: 301–305
Muştu M, Demirci F & Koçak E (2011). Mortality effects of Isaria farinosa (Holm.) and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin (Sordariomycetes: Hypocreales) on Aelia rostrata Boh. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of Turkish Entomology 35 (4): 559-568
Muştu M, Demirci F & Koçak E (2014). Mortality of Isaria farinosa and Beauveria bassiana on sunn pests Eurygaster integriceps and Eurygaster austriaca. Phytoparasitica 42: 93–97
Ofuya Z & Akhidue V (2005). The role of pulses in human nutrition: A review. Journal of Applied Sciences And Environmental Management 9 (3): 99-104
Reddy G V P, Zhao Z & Hubner R A (2014). Laboratory and field efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi for the management of the sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Brentidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 122: 10-15
Remya R (2007). Evaluation of pulse genotypes and efficacy of diatomaceous earth against different life stages of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) [MSc Thesis]. Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agricultural, University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, India
Serale T & Doberski J (1984). An investigation of the entomogenous fungus Beauveria bassiana as a potential biological control agent for Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Journal of Stored Product Research 20: 17-24
Sevim A, Demir İ, Tanyeli E & Demirbağ Z (2010). Screening of entomopathogenic fungi against the European spruce bark beetle, Dendroctonus micans (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Biocontrol Science And Technology 20: 3–11
Sevim A, Demir I, Sönmez E, Kocaçevik S & Demirdağ Z (2013). Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi against the sycamore lace bug, Corythucha ciliata (Say) (Hemiptera: Tingidae). Journal of Turkish Agriculture And Forestry 37: 595-603
Sheeba G, Seshadri S, Raja N, Janarthanan S & Ignacimuthu S (2001). Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for control of the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Applied Entomology And Zoology 36 (1): 117–120
Shifa Vanmathi J, Padma Latha C & Ranjit Singh A J A (2011). Impact of entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana on stored grains pest, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Biopesticides 4 (2): 194-197
Singh S R & Van Emden H F (1979). Insect pest of grain legumes. Annual Review of Entomology 24: 225–278
Simova S & Draganova S (2003). Virulence of isolates of entomopathogenic fungi to Tetranychus urticae K. (Tetranychidae: Acarina). Plant Science 40: 87–90
Usanmaz Bozhüyük A, Kordali Ş, Kesdek M, Şimşek D, Altınok M A, Altınok H H & Komaki A (2018). Mortality effects of six different entomopathogenic fungi strains on rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 27 (6): 4373-4380
Vidal C, Lace L A & Jacques F (1997). Pathogenicity of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) against Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) with a description of a bioassay method. Journal of Economic Entomology 90 (3): 765-772
Yang S, Zhuang H, Li Y & Kuang R (2009). Insecticidal efficacy of Isaria farinosa in different life stages of Pissodes punctatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Pest Science 82: 321-325
Zimmermann G (2008). The entomopathogenic fungi Isaria farinosa (formerly Paecilomyces farinosus) and the Isaria fumosorosea species complex (formerly Paecilomyces fumosoroseus): Biology, ecology and use in biological control. Biocontrol Science And Technology 18: 865–901

Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
Yayıncı: Halit APAYDIN

Arşiv