Anılarla Birinci Dünya Savaşi’nda Osmanlı Devleti Seferberliği ve İstanbul’da Verilen Askeri Eğitimler (1914)

Balkan Savaşı’ndan yenik ayrılan ve Avrupa’daki varlığı Doğu Trakya ile sınırlı kalan Osmanlı Devleti, aldığı ağır yenilginin altından kalkmak ve bir daha aynı faciayı yaşamamak için seferberlik hazırlıklarında ve asker alım usullerinde yenileşme hareketlerine girişti. Bu doğrultuda Osmanlı Devleti, Almanya’nın yardımlarıyla ordu içerisinde yenileşme hareketlerini gerçekleştirirken, Avusturya-Macaristan veliahdının öldürülmesi, sanayileşme ve silahlanma yarışında olan Avrupa ülkelerinin birbirlerine savaş ilan etmesine neden oldu. Avrupa ülkeleri birbirlerine savaş ilan ederken Osmanlı Devleti de yaşanan bu gelişmeler karşısında seferberliğini ilan etti ve asker alımlarına başladı. İstanbul ve çevresinde zorunlu askerlik görevi bulunanlar da seferberliğe uygun olarak bağlı bulundukları askeri kamplara gidip, askeri eğitimlerini aldıktan sonra Çanakkale’de görev yapmak üzere yola çıktılar. Bu makalede I. Dünya Savaşı’nın başlamasıyla birlikte Osmanlı Devleti’nin seferberlik hazırlıkları, asker alma işlemlerinin yapılması ve İstanbul’daki askeri eğitimler yayınlanmış anılar üzerinden anlatılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Seferberlik, Osmanlı, Anılar, Birinci Dünya Savaşı, Asker

The Mobilization of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War and the Military Training in Istanbul with Memories (1914)

Defeated in the Balkan War and its existence in Europe limited to the Eastern Thrace, The Ottoman Empire started to mobilize in military preparations and military recruitment processes in order to get rid of the severe defeat and not to experience the same disaster again. In this direction, while the Ottoman Empire was reorganizing movements within the army with the aid of Germany, the killing of the Austro-Hungarian throne caused European countries to declare war against each other in the race for industrialization and arms. While the European countries declared war on each other, the Ottoman Empire declared its mobilization in the face of these developments and began recruiting troops. Those who had compulsory military service in Istanbul and its vicinity went to the military camps where they were affiliated to mobilization, and after taking their military training, they set out to serve in Dardanelles. In this article, the preparations for the mobilization of the Ottoman Empire for World War One, the recruitment process and military training in Istanbul will be explained through the published memoirs.

Keywords:

Mobilization, Ottoman, Memories, World War I, Soldier,

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