ORTA ÇAĞ AVRUPASI KANUNNAMELERİNDEN HERSTAL KANUNNAMESİ (779) VE DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Herstal Kanunnamesi Karolenj İmparatoru Charlemagne döneminde oluşturulmuş yüzü aşkın kanunnameden ikincisidir. Maddeleri incelendiğinde Orta Çağ Avrupa`sına ait, dönemi farklı açılardan aydınlatabilecek pek çok veriye ulaşılmaktadır. Bunlar arasında piskoposların görevleri, manastır hayatı, dul kadınlar, ensest ilişkiler, kira getiren kilise mülkleri, vergi sistemi gösterilebilir. Ayrıca maddeler incelendiğinde haç sınaması, dokunulmazlık bölgesi, balmumu vergisi gibi çok bilinmeyen kavramların varlığına da rastlanılmaktadır. Yeminin bir kanıt olarak kabul edilmesine, sözleşmelerin yazıya geçirilmesine ve adalete yaptığı vurgular, hem dönemin ihtiyaçlarını hem de kralın önem verdiği konuları da ortaya koymaktadır. Makalemizde kanunname maddeleri Latince aslından tercüme edilerek yorumlanmaya ve dönemin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesine çalışılacaktır

From Medieval Europe Capitularies The Capitulary of Herstal (779) and Its Evaluation

The Capitulary of Herstal is the second of more than a hundred capitularies legislated during the reign of Carolingian Emperor Charlemagne. When its articles are analyzed, it is reached to a lot of data that can illuminate the Medieval Europe from different perspectives. Among them, there are duties of bishops, monasticism, widow women, incest relationships, rentable church properties and tax system. The articles also covered lesser known concepts such as cross test, untouchable region and wax tax. Its emphases on justice, the acceptance of oath as evidence and putting contracts in writing reveal both the needs of the period and the issues attached importance by the King. In this writing, we will try to interpret the articles of the Capitulary by translating them from Latin and better understand the period.

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