Geç Ortaçağ İngiliz kroniğinin analizi: London Chronicles’ın Cotton Julius B II1 nüshasında siyasi belge kullanımı üzerine bir inceleme

London Chronicles 15. yüzyıl Londra sosyal hayatında etkin rol oynayan anonim yazarlar tarafından kaleme alınmış olan tarihsel kaynaklardı. Bu çalışmada, öncelikli olarak, London Chronicles’ın tarihsel gelişim süreci hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Londra’da şehir merkezli bir tarih yazıcılığı bilincinin nasıl ortaya çıktığı, London Chronicles geleneğinin neden 15. yüzyılın ilk yarısında doğduğu gibi noktalara temas edilecektir. Çalışmanın ilerleyen bölümlerinde ise Chronicles’ın tarihsel belge kullanımı aracılığıyla 15. yüzyıl İngiltere’sinin özellikle siyasi tarihini anlamada ve yazmada edindikleri yere değinilecektir. Bu anlamda, Londra’daki British Library’de bulunan ve C.L. Kingsford tarafından 1905 yılında yayınlanan Cotton Julius B II Nüshası’na bakmak yararlı olacaktır. Çünkü bu nüshanın neredeyse yarısından fazlasını belge kayıtları oluşturmaktadır. London Chronicles’ın Cotton Julius B II Nüshası’ndaki belgesel bazı bilgilerin analizini de gerekli kılacak makalede, Ortaçağ kronik yazarlarının olay ve olguların basit kaydının ötesinde, yaşadıkları toplumun gerçekliğini ortaya koyan, tarihsel bilgi ve belgeyi kendi amaçları doğrultusunda seçen ve şekillendiren bilinçli yazarlar olduğu, bu açıdan bakıldığında da temel yaklaşım tarzlarıyla aslında modern tarihçilerden çok farklı bir metodoloji izlemedikleri gösterilmeye çalışılacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ortaçağ Avrupası, İngiltere, London Chronicles, Tarih Yazıcılığı, 15. Yüzyıl, Metodoloji

The Analysis of a Late Medieval English Chronicle: An Investigation on the Use of Political Document in Cotton Julius B II Manuscript of London Chronicles

London Chronicles were historical sources penned by anonymous authors influential in the social life of fifteenth-century London. This study will primarily give some information about historical development of the London Chronicles. It is going to touch upon some basic problems such as how a city-centred historiographical consciousness appeared and why the London Chronicles tradition emerged in the first half of the fifteenth century. In the following parts of the article, the main intention is to display the place of London Chronicles in understanding and writing the political history of the period through the use of historical documents. In this respect, it would be helpful to look at BL Cotton Julius B II Manuscript of the London Chronicles which was published by C.L. Kingsford in 1905 since almost half of the manuscript is composed of documentary records. For this reason, the study will sometimes necessarily focus on the analysis of some documentary evidence. This article will essentially argue that Medieval Chronicle writers were very historically-minded compilers revealing the historical reality of the society in which they lived, selecting and shaping the historical documents and information according to their objectives beyond simple registering of the events and facts. When viewed from this aspect, it will be showed that they did not fundamentally follow a much different methodology from modern historians with their approach to historical sources

Keywords:

Medieval Europe, England, London Chronicles, Historiography, Fifteenth Century, Methodology.,

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