SPORCULARDA DEHİDRASYONUN PERFORMANS ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ VE VÜCUT HİDRASYON DÜZEYİNİN İZLENMESİ

Dehidrasyon, sporcularda sadece atletik performansı düşürmekle kalmaz bununla birlikte ciddi derecede sağlık sorunlarına hatta ölümlere bile yol açabilmektedir. Özellikle uzun süreli dayanıklılık gerektiren yarışma ve antrenman ortamlarında sporcuların hidrasyon düzeyinin takip edilmesi ve uygun hidrasyon düzeyinin sağlanması performansın maksimum düzeye çıkarılmasında önem oluşturmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, yapılan araştırmalar doğrultusunda, sıvı kaybının performans üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri ve hidrasyon düzeyinin tespit edilmesine yönelik olarak kullanımı kolay, pratik ve aynı zamanda güvenilir yöntemler hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Vücut hidrasyon düzeyinin belirlenmesine yönelik çok sayıda yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Hidrasyon düzeyinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan mükemmel bir yöntem olmamasına rağmen vücut ağırlık değişimleri, bazı kan değerleri, idrar parametreleri sıklıkla kullanılan yöntemler arasındadır. Vücut ağırlığı değişimi ve idrar testleri, kullanımı kolay ve girişimsel olmayan (nonivasive) yöntemler olması sebebiyle spor ortamlarında akut ve kronik hidrasyon düzeyinin belirlenmesinde daha yaygın olarak kullanılabilecek yöntemler olarak önerilmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Vücut kompozisyonu, Vücut ağırlığı, Dehidrasyon, İdrar testi, Sportif performans

THE EFFECTS OF DEHYDRATION ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE AND MONITORING HYDRATION LEVELS

Dehydration not only reduced athletic performance, but also may lead to severe health problems and death. Especially, for athletes, monitoring hydration and ensuring proper hydration levels have significant effect in maximizing performance requiring long term durability training and competition environments. The purpose of this review is to provide information about negative effects of water loss on performance, and to determine the level of hydration with an easy to use, practical and reliable methods also had been known by athletes and coaches by previous studies. A lot of methods are used to determine the level of body hydration. Although there is no gold standard for determining the level of body hydration changes, body weight changes, some blood values and urine parameters are the commonly used methods. Because using body weight change and urine test methods are easy and noninvasive, they are recommended for determining the level of acute and chronic hydration as the more commonly used methods in the sport settings

Keywords:

Body composition, Body weight, Dehydration, Urine test, Athletic performance,

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