PROTEİN VE EGZERSİZ-YENİ YAKLAŞIMLAR

Çoğu sporcu, atletik başarısı için, proteinlerin anahtar rol oynadığını düşünmektedir. Özellikle kuvvet sporcuları, ekstra protein alımının, başarılarını artıracaklarına inanmakta ve gereksinimden fazla protein tüketme yoluna gitmektedir. Gereksinimden fazla tüketilen protein bazı olumsuzlukları (diğer besin öğelerinde yetersiz tüketim, oksidasyonda artış, idrarla kalsiyum kaybı,..) beraberinde getirmekle birlikte, protein kalitesi yüksek gıdaları tüketmenin daha fazla yarar sağladığını bilmek önem taşımaktadır. Protein kalitesini değerlendirme yöntemlerinden biri, protein sindirilebilirliği düzeltilmiş aminoasit skorudur (Protein Digestibility- Corrected Amino Acid Score-PDCAAS). Süt proteinleri (kazein, whey) ve soyanın PDCAAS skoru yüksek olmakla birlikte özellikle whey proteinin, kas doku sentezinde ve onarımındaki etkinliği kazein ve soyadan yüksektir. Bu durum bir dallı zincirli aminoasit olan lösinden kaynaklanmakla birlikte whey proteindeki lösin sirkülasyonu kazein ve soyadan daha yüksektir. Sıvı bazlı süt ürünleri içerisindeki lösinin, hücre büyümesi ve metabolizması üzerinde önemli role sahip olan mTOR (Rapamisin protein kompleksinin memeli hedefi) olarak adlandırılan protein kinaz enzimini aktive ettiği ve kas protein sentezi ve gücünde artış sağladığı vurgulanmaktadır. Sindirimi daha uzun sürdüğünden uykudan 30 dakika önce 30-40 g kazein proteininin alınmasının ise, kas protein sentezini artırdığı yönünde çalışmalar mevcuttur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Protein kalitesi, whey, lösin, kazein

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