AYDAN GÖZMEN ELMAS, NURGÜL KESKİN AKIN, F. Hülya AŞÇI

ANTRENÖR KAYNAKLI DESTEKLEYİCİ ve KISITLAYICI GÜDÜSEL İKLİM ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN TÜRK ADOLESAN SPORCULARI İÇİN GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMA

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Appleton ve ark. (2016) tarafından geliştirilen “Antrenör Kaynaklı Destekleyici ve Kısıtlayıcı Güdüsel İklim Ölçeği”nin adolesan sporcularda geçerliliğini ve güvenirliğini test etmektir. Çalışmaya takım sporlarıyla uğraşan 101 kız (Xyaş=14.36 ±1.97) ve 133 erkek (Xyaş=14.29 ±2.09) toplam 234 (Xyaş=14.32 ±2.04) sporcu katılmıştır. Sporculara “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Antrenör Kaynaklı Destekleyici ve Kısıtlayıcı Güdüsel İklim Ölçeği” ve bu ölçeğin yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerliğini sınamak amacıyla “Antrenör Kaynaklı Özerklik Desteği Ölçeği” ve “Spor İçin Liderlik Ölçeği” uygulanmıştır. Antrenör Kaynaklı Destekleyici ve Kısıtlayıcı Güdüsel İklim Ölçeği, 17 destekleyici ve 17 kısıtlayıcı iklim olmak üzere toplam 34 maddeden oluşan 5’li likert tipi ölçektir. Destekleyici iklim; görev iklimi, özerklik desteği ve sosyal destek, kısıtlayıcı iklim ise ego iklimi ve kontrol alt boyutlarından oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği için Birinci ve İkinci Düzey Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi, yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerlik için Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ve güvenirliğini sınamak için ise Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı kullanılmıştır. İkinci Düzey Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi sonuçlarına göre ölçekte yer alan maddelerin faktör yükleri .30 ile .85 aralığında değişmektedir. Elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre, madde 29 ilgili alt boyuta yük vermemiştir. Madde 29 modelden çıkarıldığında, modelin iyi uyum indeks değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür (x2/df=2.62, RMSEA=0.08, NFI=0.92, NNFI=0.95, CFI=0.95, SRMR=0.08). Bunun yanı sıra, antrenör kaynaklı destekleyici ve kısıtlayıcı güdüsel iklim ölçeği alt boyutları ile antrenör kaynaklı özerklik desteği ve spor için liderlik ölçeği alt boyutları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunarak ölçeğin yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerliğinin sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin alt boyutları ait Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayıları .74 (sosyal destek) ve .89 (görev yönelim) arasında değişmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, “Antrenör Kaynaklı Destekleyici ve Kısıtlayıcı Güdüsel İklim Ölçeği”’nin spor ortamında antrenör kaynaklı güdüsel iklimin değerlendirilmesi için geçerlik ve güvenirlik koşullarını sağladığı ortaya koymaktadır

THE VALIDITY and RELIABILITY of EMPOWERING and DISEMPOWERING MOTIVATIONAL CLIMATE QUESTIONNAIRE (EDMCQ-C) for TURKISH ADOLESCENTS ATHLETES

The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ-C) developed by Appleton et al. (2016) for Turkish adolescent athletes. One hundred one girls (Mage=14.36 ±1.97) and 133 boys (Mage=14.29 ±2.09), totally 234 (Mage=14.32 ±2.04) athletes participated in this study. “Personal Information Form”, “Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire”, “Perceived Autonomy Support Scale (Coaches Form)” and “Leadership for Sport Scale” were administered to athletes for testing the construct validity of the scale. EDMCQ consists of 17 empowering and 17 disempowering climate with total 34 items and it is 5-point likert typed. The empowering climate items measure task-climate, autonomy-supportive and socially-supportive. The disempowering climate items measure ego-climate and controlling dimensions. The First and Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Pearson Correlation Analysis were used to test the construct, convergent and discriminant validity of the scale. In addition, Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated to test reliability. First and Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis results revealed that the factor loading of items were ranged between .30 and .85. İtem 29 has not factor loading for targeted dimension. That excluded from the model, the acceptable fit index values (x2/df=2.62, RMSEA=0.08, NFI=0.92, NNFI=0.95, CFI=0.95, SRMR=0.08) were obtained. In addition, there were significant relationship between subscales of empowering and disempowering motivational climate scale and perceived autonomy support and leadership for sport scales which supported convergent and divergent validity of scale. The internal consistency coefficients of EDMCQ were ranged from 0.74 (socially-supportive) to 0.89 (ego-involving). It can be concluded that the Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire is a valid and reliable measure to determine the coach-created motivational climates in sport for Turkish adolescents.

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