15 YAŞ ALTI FUTBOLCULARIN YETENEK VE ATLETİK PERFORMANS SEVİYELERİNE BAĞIL YAŞ ETKİSİ

Bu çalışmanın amacı; futbola yeni başlamış erkek çocuklarda yılın ilk aylarında doğan çocuklar ile son aylarda doğan çocukların bazı atletik özelliklerini karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 2004-2012 doğumlu 10 farklı futbol okulundan toplam 620 (12,35± 4,51 minimum: 7,1- maksimum: 15,5) erkek çocuk katılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında çocuklardan yaş, boy vücut ağırlığı gibi tanımlayıcı özelliklere ek olarak esneklik, el kavrama ve sırt kuvveti, sürat, çabukluk, reaksiyon, top sürme ve pas atma becerileri test edilmiştir. Diğer yandan, yıl ocak ayından itibaren 3’er ay ara ile 4 çeyrek döneme bölünmüştür. Çocukların doğum aylarına göre gruplama yapılmıştır. Sporcuların doğdukları aylara göre dağılımları ve atletik özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. İstatistik SPSS programında değerlendirilmiştir. Doğum tarihlerine göre frekans dağılımları ki kare test, gruplar arası farkı bulmak için ANOVA tek yönlü varyans analizi ve ilk 6 ay doğanlar ile son 6 ay doğanlar atletik farklılıkları bağımsız örneklem t test ile değerlendirilmiştir. Anlamlılık p0,05). İlk 6 ay doğanlar doğanların el kavrama kuvveti, sırt bacak kuvveti, 20 m sürat, çabukluk, dikey sıçrama, pas ve top sürme testleri son 6 ayda doğanlardan daha iyi bulunmuştur (p0,05). Sonuç olarak futbola yeni başlamış çocuklarda müsabakalar ve yetenek seçimleri yıllık olarak değil 6 aylık sürelerde kategorize etmenin daha etkili olabileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.

THE EFFECT OF RELATIVE AGE ON THE ABILITES AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE OF SOCCER PLAYERS UNDER THE AGE OF 15

The aim of our study is to compare certain athletic features of the boys at the incipient stage of their soccer careers who are born in the first months of the year and the in the last months of the year. A total number of 620 boys born in 2004-2012 and attending to 10 different soccer schools (12.35± 4.51 min: 7.1- max: 15.5) participated the study. As part of the study, hand, foot and back strength, speed, promptness, reaction, dribbling and pass abilities were tested. Additionally, to discriptive features such as age, height, weight, flexibility were determined. On the other hand, one year was divided into four quarter periods starting from January and grouping 3 months together. The boys were grouped in one of these quarters according to their birth months. The distribution of the players in terms of their birth months and their athletic characteristics were compared. The statistics were evaluated on SPSS software. The frequency distribution according to their dates of birth was evaluated by chi-square test, one-way variance analysis ANOVA was used in order to find the difference between the groups and the athletic performance differences between the boys born within the first 6 months of the year and the last 6 months were evaluated by unpaired t-test. Significance was accepted as p0.05). The hand and foot strength, back and leg strength, 20 m speed, promptness, reaction, vertical jump, pass and dribbling tests of the boys born within the first 6 months were found to be better than the ones born in the last six months (p0.05). As a result, competitions or aptitude tests for children who just started playing soccer can be organized in 6-month periods rather than annually.

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