Buz Tırmanışı Yapan Dağcıların Yaşam Kalitesinin İncelenmesi

Buz tırmanışı risklerin olduğu, kazaların ve ölümlerin yaşandığı riskli bir spordur. Bu yüzden bu sporu yapanların yaşam tarzları, kişilik özellikleri, karar verme becerileri gibi özellikleri merak edilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, buz tırmanışı yapan sporcuların yaşam kalitesine etki eden nedenleri incelemektir. Araştırma verileri 22-26 Ocak 2016 tarihlerinde Erzurum’da yapılan 2. Uluslararası Emrah Özbay buz tırmanışı festivalinde araştırmacı tarafından toplanmıştır. Araştırmada amaçsal örneklem tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 93 (77 erkek, 16 kadın) sporcu katılmıştır. Araştırmada Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından geliştirilmiş olan WHOQOL-BREF (Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Kısaltılmış Versiyonu) kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği Eser vd., (1999) tarafından yapılmıştır. Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .87 olarak bulunmuştur. Toplanan veriler istatistiksel paket program (SPSS 22.0) aracılığıyla analiz edilip sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde t-testi ve One Way Anova analizi kullanılmıştır. Tırmanış deneyimi ve eğitim durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklara ulaşılmıştır. Yaş, cinsiyet, meslek ve medeni durum değişkenine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar bulunamamıştır. Buz tırmanış deneyimi fazla olanların genel yaşam kalitelerinin ve sağlıklarının daha iyi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Her ne kadar buz tırmanışı yeni bir branş olsa da deneyim yaşam kalitesini ve sağlığı etkilemektedir. Yine deneyimi fazla olan sporcuların psikolojik alan değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Yani tırmanış sırasında ve ortamında olumlu duyguların, düşünme, öğrenme ve dikkatini toplamanın bu alan puanını yükselttiğini düşünülmüştür. Eğitim düzeyinde, çevresel alanda lisansüstü eğitime sahip olanlar lehine sonuçlar bulunmuştur. Yani maddi kaynaklar, fiziksel güvenlik ve emniyet, ev ortamı, yeni bilgi ve beceri edinme fırsatları lisansüstü eğitime sahip olanlar için daha önemlidir. Sonuçta deneyimli olmak ve eğitim durumunun buz tırmanışı yapan dağcıların yaşam kalitesine etki ettiği ortaya konmuştur. Genel olarak buz tırmanışı yapanların yaşam kalitesinin iyi olduğu söylenebilir. Buz tırmanışı yüksek efor istemekte ve buna bağlı olarak ta yaşam kalitesinin iyi olması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Buz tırmanışı, Yaşam kalitesi, Dağcılık, doğa sporları

Investigation of the Life Quality of Mountaineers in Ice Climbers

Ice climbing is a risky sports in which accidents and deaths are experienced. Therefore, it is to wondered about the characteristics such as life style, personality characteristics and decision making abilities of those who goes this sports. The aim of this study is to examine the reasons that have effects ice climbing athletes' Quality of life. The data was collected by the researchers during the 2nd International Emrah Özbay Ice Climbing Festival held in Erzurum on 22-26 January 2016. In this research purposive sampling technique was used. In this research, 93 (77 males, 16 females) athletes have participated. The WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of LifeScale Abbreviated Version) developed by the World Health Organization was used in the study. The validity and reliability of the scale in Turkish was assessed by Eser et al. (1999). Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was.87. The collected data were analyzed by statistical package program (SPSS 22.0) and the results were evaluated. The t-test and One Way Anova analysis were used in the evaluation of the research data. Statistically significant differences were obtained according to the climbing experience and educational status. There were no-statistically significant differences according to age, gender, occupation and marital status variable. It is observed that people who have more ice climbing experience have better overall quality of life and health. Although ice climbing is a new branch, the experience affects quality of life and health and again, it was seen that the psychological field values of the athletes with more experience were higher. So, it is thought that collecting positive emotions, thinking, learning and attention during the climb and in the environment raised the score of this area. In terms of educational status, there are favorable results for those who have master’s degree in the environmental area. In other words, material resources, physical security and safety, home environment, opportunities to acquire new knowledge and skills are more important for those who have master graduate education. As a result, it can be said that having experience and educational status have an impact on the quality of life ofice climbers. Generally, it can be said that the quality of life of the ice climbers are good. Ice climbing requires high effort and accordingly the quality of life must be good.

Keywords:

Ice climbing, quality of life, mountaineering, outdoor sports,

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