Modern Toplumda Bireyin Krizi: Marx, Durkheim ve Weber’in Eserlerinin Bir İncelemesi

Kapitalist ekonomi ve sanayileşmenin hızla ortaya çıkmasıyla, kendine has özellikleri olan ve hayatın tüm alanlarını etkileyen yeni bir çağ başlamış oldu. Birey, modern toplumdaki durmaksızın devam eden yeniliklere daha fazla maruz kaldıkça, toplumdaki hareketin ivmesinden başı döndü ve geleneksel yaşam tarzı, düşünce ve değerlerin artık işlemediği bu durumda bir kriz içine girdi. Bu makale, öncelikle modern toplumun tanımını vermeyi ve daha sonra Marx, Durkheim ve Weber gibi önemli düşünürlerin eserlerinde bireylerin deneyimlediği bu krizin nasıl ele alındığını göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, yabancılaşma, anomi ve rasyonelleşme gibi önemli kavramlar incelenecek, birbirleri ile olan benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yabancılaşma, Rasyonelleşme, Anomi, Modern Toplum, Sosyal Teori

THE CRISIS OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN THE MODERN SOCIETY: AN ANALYSIS OF THE WORKS OF MARX, DURKHEIM AND WEBER

With the onset of capitalist economy and industrialization, one can argue that a new era has begun with its peculiar characteristics and huge impact on the all spheres of life. As the individual is increasingly exposed to constant changes taking place in the modern society, he becomes astounded by the ceaseless movement in it and he goes through an individual crisis in that society where traditional ways of living, thought and conceptualizing do not work anymore. This paper aims to provide a definition of modern society at first and then to touch upon the works of prominent scholars in social theory such as Marx, Durkheim and Weber in order to find out how the concept of individual crisis is elaborated on in these works.

Keywords:

Alienation, Rationalization, Anomie, Modern Society, Social Theory,

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