Havayolu İşletmelerinin Operasyonel Performansının Belirleyicileri: Dünyadaki Büyük Havayolu İşletmeleri Üzerinde Ampirik Bir Araştırma

Hava taşımacılığı endüstrisi dinamik bir endüstri olup bünyesinde gerçekleştirilen faaliyetler dinamik bir çevrede sürdürülmektedir. Bu durum havayolu işletmeleri arasında yoğun bir rekabete sebebiyet vermekte ve havayollarının operasyonel performansını geliştirmesine olanak sağlamakta ve onları yeni arayışlara yönlendirmektedir. Havayolu şirketlerinin operasyonel performansını etkileyen faktörlerin ortaya çıkarılmasının onlara stratejik avantajlar sağlayacağı iddia edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu araştırma, literatürde yer alan araştırmaların aksine havayolu işletmelerinin operasyonel performansını etkileyen faktörlere odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, havayolu şirketlerinin operasyonel performansını belirleyen faktörlerin ampirik olarak incelenmesidir. Küresel hava yolcu taşımacılığı endüstrisinin %90’ından fazlasını kontrol eden 52 havayolu işletmesinin 1990 ve 2017 yılları arasındaki operasyonel verileri panel veri analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, taşınan yolcu sayısının, doluluk oranının, havayollarının yaptığı uçuş sayısının, uçağın kullanım oranının ve taşınan kargo miktarının operasyonel performansı anlamlı olarak etkilediğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Operasyonel Performans, Havayolları, Panel Veri Analizi

The Determinants of Airline Operational Performance: An Empirical Study on Major World Airlines

The air transport industry is a dynamic sector and operates in a dynamic environment. This situation leads to intense competition among airlines and, consequently, to a search for new methods to improve the operational performance. It is claimed that revealing the factors affecting the operational performance of airline companies will give them strategic advantages. Therefore, this study focuses on the factors that affect the operational performance of airlines, unlike previous studies in the literature. The aim of this study is to empirically examine the factors which determine the operational performance of airline companies. The operational data for the period between 1990 and 2017 of 52 airlines, which control more than 90% of the global air passenger transport industry, were analyzed using panel data analysis. The results of the study show that the number of passengers carried, the load factor, the number of flights made by the airlines, the rate of use of the aircraft and the amount of cargo carried by the airlines significantly affect their operational performance.

Keywords:

Airlines, Operational Performance, Panel Data Analysis,

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