Hastanelerde Emniyet Stoku Seviyesinin ve Yeniden Sipariş Noktasının Olasılıklı Stok Modeli ile Belirlenmesi: Bir Kamu Hastanesi Örneği

Bu araştırmanın konusu diğer işletmeleri olduğu gibi hastaneleri de çok yakından ilgilendiren etkili stok yönetimidir. Bu bağlamda kamu hastanelerinde tıbbi malzemelerin stok kontrolünde önem derecelerine göre gruplandırılması ve devamında belirlenen gruplardan rastgele örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen tıbbi malzemelerin hastanede dönem başında elde bulunması gereken emniyet stok miktarlarının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmanın gerçekleştirildiği hastaneden, seçilen tıbbi malzemelere dair veriler alınarak ABC, VED yöntemleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarından yararlanarak IBM SPSS 20 paket programı aracılığıyla A-V grubu malzemelerin talep dağılımının normal dağılım gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Olasılıklı stok modelindeki varsayımlara uygun matematiksel denklem kullanılarak dönem başında elde bulundurulması gereken emniyet stoku miktarları ve yeniden sipariş noktası hesaplanmıştır. Ardından belirlenen servis düzeylerinde toplam emniyet stok tutma maliyetleri de hesaplanarak karar vericiye her bir servis düzeyinde maliyet tabanlı alternatif çözümler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Envanter Kontrolü, Olasılıklı Stok Modelleri, Emniyet Stoku, Yeniden Sipariş Verme Noktası, Stok Maliyeti

Determination of The Safety Stock Level and Reorder Point in Hospitals with Probabilistic Inventory Model: An Example of a Public Hospital

This research is concerned with efficient stock management in the context of hospitals. In this regard, the paper aims to classify the medical supplies in public hospitals based on their importance level in the stock control process, and to determine the amount of safety stocks that should be maintained at the beginning of each period. The medical item data was retrieved from the hospital under research and analysed with ABC, VED methods. Results indicate that the demand distributions of the A-V materials represent a normal distribution. The quantity of safety stocks to be obtained at the beginning of periods and the reorder points were calculated using appropriate mathematical equations under assumptions in the probabilistic stock model. Then, total safety stock holding costs were calculated at the determined service levels and cost-based alternative solutions are presented to the decision maker at each service level.

Keywords:

Inventory Control, Probabilistic Stock Models, Safety Stock, Reorder Point, Stock Cost,

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