Duygusal Emek Çalışanlarının Tükenmişlik Riskine Karşı Korunması

Fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik risklerde olduğu gibi psikososyal riskler de çalışanların sağlığı için ciddi bir tehdittir. Hizmet sektörü çalışanları tarafından yoğun kullanılan duygusal emek, gerekli önlemler alınmadığında çalışanların ruh sağlığı için tehlike arz etmektedir. Araştırmalar, duygusal emeğin bir türü olan yüzeysel rol yapmanın yoğun kullanımının çalışanların psikolojik sağlığını bozduğunu ve çalışanları tükenmişliğe ittiğini göstermektedir. Duygusal emeğin diğer türleri olan derinlemesine rol yapma ve doğal duyguların ise çalışanların iyilik haline olumlu katkı sağladığını belirtmektedir. Ancak bu iki duygusal emek türü yoğun kullanıldığında, yoğun duygusal çabaların sonucunda strese bağlı çalışanların sağlığı olumsuz etkilenebilmekte ve çalışanlarda tükenmişlik sendromu gibi rahatsızlıklar yaşanabilmektedir.Bu araştırmada, derinlemesine rol yapma ve doğal duyguların kullanımı esnasında örgütsel desteğin önemi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Daha iyi bir çalışma ortamı yaratan ve iyilik halini artırabilen örgütsel desteğin çalışanlara sağlanması ile derinlemesine rol yapma ve doğal duyguların yoğun kullanımından kaynaklı gerçekleşebilecek ruhsal ve fiziksel sağlık sorunlarının önemli ölçüde önlenebileceği savunulmaktadır. Ayrıca yüzeysel rol yapmanın çalışanlarda yarattığı olumsuzluklar nedeniyle asgari düzeyde kullanılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Psikososyal riskler, Duygusal emek, İşe bağlı stres, Örgütsel destek, İyilik hali

The Protection of Emotional Labor Employees Against Burnout Risk

As with physical, chemical, and biological risks; psychosocial risks are a serious threat to employee health. Emotional labor, which is used extensively by service sector employees, poses a danger to their psychological health if necessary precautions are not taken. Studies show that the intense use of surface acting, which is a type of emotional labor, impairs the psychological health of employees and pushes them to burnout, whereas deep acting and natural emotions, which are other types of emotional labor, contribute positively to their well-being. However, when these two types of emotional labor are used intensively, the health of employees due to stress can be negatively affected as a result of intense emotional efforts and employees may experience diseases such as burnout syndrome.This research focuses on the importance of organizational support during in deep acting and the use of natural emotions. It is advocated that the mental and physical health problems caused from the intensive use of deep acting and natural emotions can be prevented by providing organizational support to employees that creates a better working environment and improves well-being. It is emphasized that surface acting should be used at a minimum level due to the negative effects of employees.

Keywords:

Psychosocial risks, Emotional labor, Work-related stress, Organizational support, Well-being,

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