YOKSULLUK, DAMGALAMA VE UTANMA: SOSYAL YARDIM AĞI ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Bu çalışmada yoksulluğun psiko-sosyal etkilerinden utanma ve damgalanma olgusu araştırılmaktadır. Utanma, mensubu oldukları toplumun yaşam standartlarını yerine getirememeleri nedeniyle bireyleri toplumdan uzaklaştıran ve sosyal dışlanma olgusunu arttıran bir kavramdır. Damgalama ise bireylerin kendilerini farklı kılan ve başkalarının gözünde değersizleştiren, onları düşük bir konuma yerleştiren bir özelliğe sahip olma olarak tanımlanabilir. Utanma duygusunda olduğu gibi sosyal dışlanma olgusunu güçlendirir ve kurumsal, sosyal ve bireysel faktörlere dayanır. Araştırma kapsamında Tekirdağ/ Süleymanpaşa İlçesinde Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakfı’ndan ve Süleymanpaşa Belediyesi Dosteli Aşevi’nden yardım alan yoksullarla yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseniyle yürütülmüştür. Toplanan veriler kodlanarak kategoriler oluşturulmuş ve betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular, utanma duygusunun özellikle yoksul aile çocukları arasında daha fazla hissedildiği yönündedir. Bu durum çocukların akademik başarılarını ve akranları ile kaynaşmalarını etkileyen bir faktördür. Diğer yandan yoksul bireyler toplumun geri kalanı tarafından ötekileştirilmekte, sosyal etkinliklere ve davetlere çağrılmamakta, arkadaşları ve akrabaları ile iletişim kurmakta zorlanmaktadırlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yoksulluk, Utanma, Damgalanma, Sosyal Dışlanma

In this study, the perception of shame and stigma from the psycho-social effects of poverty is being investigated. Shame is a concept that removes individuals from the society and increases the phenomenon of social exclusion because of they cannot fulfill the living standards of the society they belong to. Stigmatization can be defined as a situation in which people discredit their reputation in society because of a attribute, and place them in a low position and. It strengthens the phenomenon of social exclusion as in the sense of shame and based on institutional, social and individual factors. Within the scope of the research, face-toface interviews were conducted with the poor who received help from Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation and Süleymanpaşa Municipality Dosteli Aşevi. The research was carried out with the phenomenology pattern of qualitative research methods. The data collected were coded and descriptive analysis was made. The findings suggest that feeling of shame is more felt among the poor family children. This is a factor that affects children’s academic success and their peer engagement. On the other hand, poor individuals are marginalized by the rest of the society, they are not invited to social events and invitations, and they have difficulty in communicating with friends and relatives.

Keywords:

Poverty, Shame, Stigma, Social Exclusion,

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