Organize sanayi atıksularının zehirliliği

Bu çalışmada Konya Birinci Organize Sanayi Bölgesinden alınan atıksu örneklerine 72 saat süren toksisite testleri uygulanmıştır. Atıksu örneklerinin zehirlilik seviyeleri balık biyodeneyi yapılarak test organizmalarının 72 saatlik zaman periyodunda % 50’si için öldürücü olan atıksu konsantrasyonu (LC50) ve zehirlilik seyrelme faktörü (ZSF) ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca L. Sativum (Lepidium Sativum) kullanılarak atıksu örneklerinin fitotoksik seviyeleri de belirlenmiştir. Akuatik testlerde test organizması olarak tatlı su balığı L. Reticulates (Lepistes Reticulates) kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği, endüstriyel atıksu deşarj standartlarına göre zehirlilik seyreltme faktörü uygun aralıkta tespit edilmiştir. Fitotoksisite testlerine göre test organizmalarının 72 saatlik zaman peryodunda %50’sinin etkilendiği konsantrasyon seviyesi (EC50) belirlenememiş fakat çimlenme yüzde değerlerine göre her iki nokta da fitotoksik olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca test organizması olarak Lepistes Reticulates (L. Reticulates) ve Lepidium Sativum (L. Sativum)’un kullanıldığı toksisite testleri uygulanabilirlik ve hassaslık yönünden değerlendirilmiştir.

Toxicity of organized industrial zone wastewater

In this work, wastewater samples were taken from the sewerage system of Konya I st. Organized Industrial Zone and 72 hours toxicity tests were carried out. Toxicity levels of wastewater samples were determined employing fish biyoanalysis in terms of LC50 which is the concentration that kills 50 % of the test organisms in 72 hours and toxicity dilution factor (TDF). In addition phytotoxicity levels of waste waters were determined by employing terrestrial plant Lepidium Sativum (L. Sativum). As aquatic tests organism fresh water fish Lepistes Reticulates (L. Reticulates) was employed. As a result of this work toxicity dilution factors of waste waters were found within the acceptable range for discharging into sewerage system according to industrial wastewater discharge rules of Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulations. Result of phytotoxicity test was not determined as EC50 (concentration that effected 50 % of the test organisms in 72 hours), but for all of the sampling points determined as phytotoxic according to germination percent values. Values of Lepistes Reticulates and Lepidium Sativum as test organisms were also evaluated in terms of ease of application and reliability of the results.

___

APHA, 1989. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Part 800. Bioassay methods for aquatic organisms. 14 Th. ed., Amer. Wat. Works Ass., Wat. Pollut., Fed., Washington DC. Aruldoss, J.A., Viraraghavan, T., 1998. Toxicity testing of refinery wastewater using Microtox, B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 60, 456‐463.

Bat., L., Öztürk, M., 1998. Akuatik toksikoloji, S.D.Ü Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fak. Dergisi, 21, 148‐165.

Aydın, M.E., Kara, G., 2004. An investigation on the toxicity of sewage, Fresen. Environ., Bull., 13, 1444‐ 1448.

Aydın, M.E., Kara, G., Sarı, S., 2002. Hastane atıksularında fitotoksisite, GAP IV. Mühendislik Kongresi”, 1410 ‐ 1417, Şanlıurfa.

Devare, M., and Bahadir, M., 1994. Biological monitoring of landfill leachates using plants and luminescent bacteria, Chemosphere, 28, 261‐271.

Ehrlich, P.R., and E.O., Wilson, 1991. Biodiversity studies, Science and Policy, 253, 758‐762.

EPA, 1991. U.S Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Short Term Methods for Estimating The Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Fresh Organisms, Washington.

Ford, D.L., 1992. Toxicity reduction evaluation and control, Tech. Publ., England, 3, 25‐28.

Gerbardt, A., 1998. Whole toxicity testing with Oncorhyncus Mykiss (Walbaum 1792): Survival and behavioral responses to a dilution series of a mining effluent in South Africa, Arch. Environ. Con. Tox., 35, 309‐316.

Huber, L., Baumung, H., Metzner, G., and Popp, W., 1979. Ecological Effects of Refinery Effluents in Fresh Water with Particular Reference to Substances on list 1 of The EEC Guidelines For Water Protection. In: The Environmental Impact of. Refinery Effluents, CONCAWE Report no 5/79.

Kampke, K., Freitag, D., Kettrup, A., Bahadir, M., 1994. Ecotoxicological assessment of inorganic waste disposal in salt mines part I: Tests with aquatic organisms, Fresen. Environ., Bull., 3, 119‐126.

Şengül, F., Müezzinoğlu, A., 1987. Atıksularda Balık Biyodeneyinin Uygulanması ve ZSF Hesabı ile İlgili Bir Örnek Çalışma, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bornova, İzmir.

SKKY (Su Kirliliği Kontrol Yönetmeliği), 7 Ocak 1991 tarihli 20748 sayılı resmi gazetede yayınlanmış.

Tomer, M., 1999. Quality of Water and Wastewater, Lewis Publishers, United States, 260.

Vaal, M.A., Leeuween, C., J.V., Hoekstra, J.A., 2000. Variation in sensitivity of aquatic species to toxicants practical consequences for effect assessment of chemical substances, Environ. Manage., 25, 415‐ 423.

WERL, 2000. Phytotoxicity and Seedling Growth Response, Journal of the Woods End Research Laboratory, 1, 4.