Dijital Gerçeklik ve İnsan Sonrası Düşünce Bağlamında Facebook Horizon Uygulaması

İnsan sonrası düşünce, içerisinde yaşadığımız dünyayı insan ve insan dışı tüm canlılar ile birlikte bir bütün olarak gören ve etik açıdan tüm türleri kapsayan yeni bir yaklaşım ortaya koymaktadır. Günümüz dünyasına hâkim olan teknolojik ilerlemeler, insan ve inşa dışı varlıklar için tehditler veya imkânlar oluştururken bir yandan da bizi yaşamsal etik üzerine yeniden düşünmeye davet etmektedir. İnsan sonrası düşüncenin kapsadığı alanlardan birisi de bu nedenle, dijital teknolojilerdir. Dijital teknoloji denilince akla gelen bir diğer kavram olan sanal gerçeklik de böylesi bir düşünce akımı içerisinde kendisine yer bulmaktadır. Dijital teknolojilerin otonom halde olduğu kanaatinde olan insan sonrası felsefe ile sanal gerçekliğin pratik uygulamaları arasındaki ilişki bu anlamda dikkat çekicidir. Bu çalışmada sanal gerçeklik pratiklerinden birisi olan ve yakın zamanda piyasaya sürülmesi beklenen Facebook Horizon uygulaması araştırılmaktadır. Uygulamanın web sayfasında sunulan içerikler, betimsel olarak analiz edilmekte ve insan sonrası felsefe ile dijital teknolojilerin içerdiği gerçeklik olgusu üzerinden çözümlenmektedir. İnsan sonrası etik ve sanal gerçekliğin kesiştiği bir mecra olan Facebook Horizon’un bu etiğin içerdiği söylemlerden uzak olduğu ancak gerek kullanıcının gerekse üreticinin idealindeki sanal gerçeklik deneyimini sunabildiği gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İnsan sonrası felsefe, dijital gerçeklik, sanal gerçeklik, Facebook Horizon

Facebook Horizon in The Context of Digital Reality and The Notion of Post-Human

Digital technologies are one of the cornerstones in post-humanist approach, which suggests an ethical new world in which the human and non-human entities living in today's world. Virtual reality, which is the first notion that comes to mind in the context of digital technologies, also finds itself a place in such a current of thought. This philosophy, which believes that digital technologies are included and are autonomous, the practical applications of virtual reality are remarkable in this sense. The relationship between this philosophy, which thinks that digital technologies are autonomous, and the practical applications of virtual reality is striking in this sense. In this study, Facebook Horizon application, which is one of the virtual reality practices and expected to be released soon, is examined. In the study, the expressions included in the web site of the application are analysed descriptively and evaluated through the post-human philosophy and the reality contained in digital technologies. It is observed that Horizon, which is an environment where post-humanist ethics and virtual reality intersect, is far from the discourses that this ethics contains, however it could offer the experience which is ideal both for the user and the manufacturer as a virtual reality.

Keywords:

Posthumanism, digital reality, virtual reality, Facebook Horizon,

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