İBN HALDUN'UN İSRAİLOĞULLARI TARİHİNE YÖNELİK YAKLAŞIMI: ASABİYYE KAVRAMININ SEÇİLMİŞLİK FİKRİNE UYGULANMASI

İbn Haldun, meşhur Mukaddime’sinde, toplumların yükseliş ve gerileyiş/çöküş evrelerini, merkezinde “asabiyye” kavramının yer aldığı kendi kapsamlı tarih ve toplum teorisiyle açıklamaktadır. Bu teorisini İslam öncesi dinlerin, özellikle de Yahudi dininin temel konularına da uygulamaktadır. Bu makale İbn Haldun’un, asabiyye kavramı aracılığıyla İsrailoğulları tarihine yönelik yorumunu ele almayı ve bu yorumun, İsrailoğulları’nın seçilmişliği fikriyle bağlantılı görünen bazı çağrışımlarını gün ışığına çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunu yaparken İbn Haldun’un İsrailoğulları’na yönelik açıklamaları ve bu bağlamda kullandığı asabiyye kavramı ile Baruch Spinoza’nın seçilmişlik yorumu arasındaki bazı benzerliklere de dikkat çekilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İbn Haldun, Mukaddime, asabiyye, İsrailoğulları, seçilmişlik, Spinoza

On the Approach of Ibn Khaldun to the History of the People of Israel: The Application of the Concept of Asabiyyah to the Idea of Chosenness

Ibn Khaldun, in his famous Muqaddimah, an “Introduction to History”, explained the stages of the rise and fall of nations through his comprehensive theory of history and society, underpinned by the concept of ‘asabiyyah or “group feeling”. Ibn Khaldun applied his theory to the main topics of the pre-Islamic religions as well, especially the Jewish religion. This paper aims to look at Ibn Khaldun’s interpretation of the history of the people of Israel through his concept of ‘asabiyyah, and to highlight some possible implications of it as regards the idea of the election of Israel, emphasis being made on parallels with Baruch Spinoza’s interpretation of the idea.

Keywords:

Ibn Khaldun, Muqaddimah, asabiyyah, the people of Israel, election/chosenness,

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