HAYVAN VENOMLARI VE İLAÇ TASARIMINDA KULLANIMLARI

Venom üreten organizmalar, yüzyıllardır Yunan, Çin ve Batı’nın geleneksel tıbbında önemli yerlere sahip canlılardır. Bu canlılar tarafından üretilen venomlar (toksinler) iyon kanallarını ve organizmanın kilit noktası olan bazı fizyolojik mekanizmaları etkilerler. Peptit yapısındadırlar ve ilaç keşfi için oldukça önemli adaylardır. Bu peptitler yılan, akrep, örümcek, bal arısı, yaban arısı, kertenkele, karınca gibi birçok canlıdan elde edilebilir. Bu canlılardan çeşitli izolasyon yöntemleriyle elde edilen peptitlerin araştırılması, tedavi ve teşhiste kullanılacak yeni ajanların tasarlanıp geliştirilmesinin yanı sıra venom zehirlenmelerinde antidotların araştırılmasında da kullanılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, venomların kaynaklarından ve günümüzde ilaç olarak kullanılan veya kullanılmaya aday peptitlerinden bahsedilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İlaç keşfi, peptit, venom

ANIMAL VENOMS AND THEIR USE IN DRUG DESIGN

Venom-producing organisms are living organism that have been an important place for centuries in Greek, Chinese and Western traditional medicine. The venoms (toxins) produced by these organisms affect to ion channels and some physiologic mechanisms that are key points for the organism. They are peptides in structure and very important candidates for drug discovery. These peptides can be obtained from many animals such as snakes, scorpions, spiders, honey bees, wasps, lizards, ants. Investigation of the peptides obtained by various isolation methods can be used to design and develop new agents to be used in treatment and diagnosis as well as to investigate antidotes in venom poisoning. This review deals with the sources of venoms and their peptides used as drug or candidate to be used in the future.

Keywords:

Drug discovery, peptide, venom,

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