Açlık Oyunları üçlemesinde kurgusal kültürel öğelerin çevirisi

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı The Hunger Games üçlemesindeki kurgusal kültürel öğeleri ve bu üçlemenin Türkçe çevirilerinde hangi çeviri stratejilerinden yararlanıldığını incelemektir. Kültür kavramı çeviribilim açısından önemli olduğundan kültürel öğelerin analiz edilmesi çevirmenin metne yaklaşımını gözlemlemede en uygun yöntemlerden biri olarak kabul edilir. Örnek olay incelemesi, Suzanne Collins’in The Hunger Games üçlemesi ile Sevinç Seyla Tezcan tarafından Türkçe’ye kazandırılan Açlık Oyunları üçlemesi üzerinden yapılmıştır. Kültürel öğeler, üçlemenin distopik niteliğine uygun olarak yazarın hayali bir dünya oluşturmak için yarattığı kurgusal öğelerden seçilmiştir. Bu öğeler Eggen’in (2006) The Hunger Games üzerine yaptığı çalışmadan esinlenilerek, gönderme içeren özel isimlerin de eklenmesiyle beş kategori altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Hem İngilizce hem Türkçe metinlerden çıkarılan öğeler çevirmen stratejilerini belirlemek üzere karşılaştırılmıştır. Çeviri stratejileri kültürel öğeler ve özel isimler için olmak üzere iki kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Bu stratejiler, Baker tarafından önerilen yedi strateji ile Vinay ve Darbelnet’in ortaya koymuş olduğu iki çeviri stratejisinden oluşmaktadır. Stratejilerin atanması aşamasında kodlayıcılar arası güvenirlik hesaplaması yapılmıştır. Son aşama olarak da Tezcan’ın orijinal metinlere yaklaşımı ile ilgili uygun bir çıkarımda bulunmak üzere kendisiyle yazılı bir mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Venuti’nin kuramına dayanarak çevirmenin metni yerelleştirme ya da yabancılaştırma yönündeki eğilimi ile ilgili yargıya varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çeviri stratejileri, kurgusal kültürel öğeler, Açlık Oyunları üçlemesi

Translation of fictive culture-specific items in The Hunger Games trilogy

In this paper, the main purpose is to examine the fictive culture-specific items (CSIs) in the The Hunger Games trilogy and what kind of translation strategies are used in their Turkish translations. As the concept of culture is essential for translation studies, analysing culture-specific items is accepted to be one the most appropriate methods of observing the translator’s approach to the text. The case study was conducted using Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games trilogy and their Turkish translations performed by Sevinç Seyla Tezcan. In line with the dystopian quality of The Hunger Games trilogy, the CSIs were sorted out to include fictive items which were invented by the author to constitute an imaginary world. They were grouped under five categories taken from Eggen’s (2016) work on The Hunger Games with the addition of allusive proper nouns (PNs). The detected items in both texts were compared to determine the strategies used by the translator. As regards to the translation strategies, two separate groups were determined for the analysis of CSIs and PNs. The list of strategies was established by putting together seven strategies offered by Baker and two direct translation procedures offered by Vinay and Darbelnet. During the labelling process, an intercoder reliability calculation was conducted. As the last step, an interview was designed to obtain relevant data in order to make a fair judgment on Tezcan’s approach to the original texts. Ultimately, the translator’s tendency either to domesticate or foreignize the text was revealed on the basis of Venuti’s (2004) theory.

Keywords:

Translation strategies, fictive culture-specific items, The Hunger Games trilogy,

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