Ruh Sağlığı Çalışmalarında Yeni Bir Psikososyal Değişken: Eylemlilik

Eylemlilik, kişinin yaşamının yönüne ilişkin sorumluluk duygusu, yaşamı için sorumluluk alması, kişinin yaşamı ile ilgili kararları kontrol edebilme ve bunların sorumluluğunu alma konusundaki inancı ve yaşamdaki engellerle baş etmede ve seçtiği yaşam yönünde ilerlemeye ilişkin güveni olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Eylemlilik, öz saygı, yaşam amaçları, öz-yeterlilik ve iç denetim odağı olmak üzere dört psikolojik yapının birleşiminden oluşan üst bir psikolojik yapıdır. Literatürde, eylemlilik konusunda oldukça farklı açıklamalar olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Bu durumun nedeni, kavrama sosyologlar ve psikologlar tarafından farklı anlamlar yüklenmesi olabilir. Eylemlilik konusuyla ilgili hem yurtdışındaki hem de Türkiye'deki araştırmalar diğer psikososyal çalışma konularına göre nispeten azdır. Türkiye'de yapılacak çalışmalarda eylemlilik diğer bir psikososyal değişken olarak dikkate alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

eylemlilik, kişisel eylemlilik, bireyleşme, eylemli kişilik

A New Psychosocial Variable in Mental Health Studies: Agency

The term agency has been defined as a sense of responsibility for one's life course, the belief that one is in control of one's decisions and is responsible for their outcomes, and the confidence that one will be able to overcome obstacles that impede one's progress along one's chosen life course. Agency is an upper psychological structure which consists of self-esteem, purpose in life, self-efficacy (ego strength), and internal locus of control. Literature offers quite different explanations for agency concept. The reason of this situation may be the attribution of different meanings to the concept by psychologists and sociologists. When considering the agency literature in Turkey and other countries, it can be said that the number of studies on agency subject is lower than the number of studies on other psychosocial study subjects. Agency should be taken into consideration as a psychosocial variable in the studies to be made in Turkey.

Keywords:

agency, personal agency, individualization, agentic personality,

PDF

___

Kağıtçıbaşı Ç. İnsan Aile Kültür. Ankara, Remzi Kitabevi, 1993.
Çok F. Ergenlik. Ankara, İmge Kitabevi, 2007.
Bandura A. Human agency in social cognitive theory. Am Psychol 1989; 44:1175- 1184.
Emirbayer M, Mische A. What is agency? AJS 1998; 103:962-1023.
Côté JE, Levine CG. Identity Formation, Agency, and Culture: A Social Psychological Synthesis. Mahwah, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002.
Schwartz SJ, Côté JE, Arnett JJ. Identity and agency in emerging adulthood: Two developmental routes in the individualization process. Youth Soc 2005; 37:201-229.
Giddens A. Sosyal Teorinin Temel Problemleri. Ankara, Paradigma Yayınları, 2005.
Erikson EH. Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York, W.W. Norton, 1968.
Côté JE. Arrested Adulthood: The Changing Nature of Maturity and Identity. New York, New York University Press, 2000.
Côté JE. The role of identity capital in the transition to adulthood: The individualization thesis examined. J Youth Stud 2002; 5:117-134.
Giddens A. The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Cambridge, Polity, 1984.
Layder D. Understanding Social Theory. London, Sage, 1994.
Dawe A. The two sociologies. Br J Sociol 1970; 21:207-218.
Giddens A. New Rules of Sociological Method: A Positive Critique of Interpretive Sociologies. London, Hutchinson, 1976.
Giddens A. Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. London, Macmillan, 1979.
Bernstein RJ. Social theory as critique. In Social Theory of Modern Societies: Anthony Giddens and His Critics (Eds D Held, JBThompson):19-33. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Thompson JB. The theory of structuration. In Social Theory of Modern Societies: Anthony Giddens and His Critics (Eds D Held, JB Thompson):56-76. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Arthur N, Garvey G, Swan PL, Taylor S. Agency theory and 'management research: A comment. Australian Journal of Management 1993; 18:93-102.
Côté JE. An empirical test of the identity capital model. J Adolesc 1997; 20:577-597.
Côté JE, Schwartz SJ. Comparing psychological and sociological approaches to identity: Identity status, identity capital, and the individualization process. J Adolesc 2002; 25:571-586.
Bandura A. Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. Am Psychol 1982; 37:122- 147.
Bandura A. Self-efficacy in Changing Societies. New York, Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Schunk DH. Goal setting and self-efficacy during self-regulated learning. Educ Psychol 1990; 25:71-86.
Wigfield A, Eccles JS. Expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation. Contemp Educ Psychol 2000; 25:68-81.
Byrant RL. The relationship between urban teachers’ self efficacy beliefs and adequte yearly progress (Doctoral Dissertation). Pennsylvania, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2007.
Arnett JJ. Emerging Adulthood: The Winding Road From the Late Teens Through the Twenties. New York, Oxford University Press, 2004.
Rosenberg M. Conceiving the Self. New York, Basic Books, 1979.
Coopersmith S. The Antecedents of Self-Esteem. San Fransisco, W.H. Freeman, 1974.
Rotter JB. Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychol Monogr 1966; 80:1-28.
Mueller SL, Thomas AS. Culture and entrepreneurship potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing 2001; 16:51-75.
Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol 1989; 57:1069-1081.
Crumbaugh JC, Maholick LT. An experimental study in existentialism: The psychometric approach to Frankl's concept of noogenic neurosis. J Clin Psychol 1964; 20:200-207.
Yalom ID. Existential Psychotherapy. New York, Basic Books, 1980.
Lazarus R. Toward better research on stress and coping. Am Psychol 2000; 55:665- 673.
Seeman M. Alienation and anomie. In Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes, Volume I (Eds. JP Robinson, PR Shaver, LS Wrightsman):291-371. San Diego, CA, Academic Press, 1991.
Lyubomirsky S. Why are some people happier than others?: The role of cognitive and motivational processes in well-being. Am Psychol 2001; 56:239-249.
Atak H. Yetişkinliğe geçişte kimlik biçimlenmesi ve eylemlilik (agency): Bireyleşme sürecinde iki gelişimsel kaynak (Doktora Tezi). Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2010.
Atak H. Agency in emerging adulthood: A beginning study. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri 2011 (Baskıda).
Noom M. Adolescent Autonomy: Characteristic and Correlates. Delft, Eburon, 1999.
Mahler M. On Human Symbiosis and the Vicissitudes of Individuation. New York, International Universities Press, 1968.
Steinberg L. Adolescence, 6th Ed. New York, McGraw Hill, 2002.
Arnett J, Taber S. Adolescence terminable and interminable: When does adolescence end? J Youth Adolesc 1994; 23: 517-537.
Evans K, Heinz WR. Becoming Adults in England and Germany. London, Anglo- German Foundation, 1994.
Kroger J. Separation-indivuation and ego identity status in New Zealand university students. J Youth Adolesc 1985; 14:133-147.
Özdikmenli-Demir G. Üniversite öğrencilerinde kimlik gelişimi: Kimlik statülerinin sosyal sermaye ve kimlik sermayesi ile olan ilişkisi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sosyal Bi- limler Dergisi 2010; 34(2):1-10.
Atak H. Kimlik Gelişimi ve Kimlik Biçimlenmesi: Kuramsal Bir Değerlendirme. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar 2011; 3:163-213.

ISSN: 1309-0658
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2009
Yayıncı: Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Arşiv