Titreşim ve Kesme Kuvveti Esaslı Takım Aşınmasının Bulanık Mantıkla İzlenmesi ve Tahmini

Talaş kaldırma sürecinde, izlenmeyen takım aşınması parça bozukluğunu ve hurda sayısını artırmakla beraber, aynı zamanda takımın kırılmasına ve pahalı CNC takım tezgâhlarında yüksek hasarlara sebep olmaktadır. Aşınma oranına dayalı, takıma verilmesi gereken takım aşınma telafi değerlerinin doğru tespiti, takımda oluşan aşınmanın iş parçasının boyutlarında ve yüzey kalitesinde kabul edilemez bir sınıra geleceği anın bilinmesi ve kırılma olmadan önce yeni bir takımla değiştirilmesi için talaş kaldırma sürecini izleyen bir otomasyon takip sistemi gereklilik olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, talaşlı imalatta bir otomasyon sistemi kurmak ve yan yüzey takım aşınma miktarını anlık tahmin etmek için kuvvet ve titreşim algılayıcıları kullanılarak bir bulanık mantık sistemi tasarlanmıştır. Sistemin kurulması için, talaş kaldırma parametreleri, kesme kuvveti ve titreşim değişkenleri girdi olarak ve takım aşınma miktarı çıktı olarak bulanık mantık sistemine verilmiş. Taguchi metodu kullanılarak deney tasarımı yapılmıştır. Ölçülen ve tahmin edilen sonuçlar, takım aşınmasının tespiti için, bulanık mantık metodunun güvenilir olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Takım Aşınmasının İzlenmesi, Kesme Kuvveti, Takım Titreşimi, Bulanık Mantık

Monitoring and Estimating of Vibration and Cutting Force Based Tool Wear via Fuzzy Logic

During the chip removal process, the unmonitored tool wear not only increase the number of scraped parts but also causes the untimely tool breakage and the high costly damage on the expensive CNC machine tools. For applying the correct tool offset on the cutting tool based on the wear ratios, for determining the critical tool wear rates influencing on the work piece dimensions and surface quality and for replacing a new tool with a worn one before tool breakage during the machining operations, an automation system is required for monitoring the operation accurately. For establishing the automation system for online monitoring and estimating the tool wear in this research, a fuzzy logic system is designed by using of cutting force and vibration sensors. Cutting parameters, cutting forces and vibration variables are applied as input and the wear rate as output data to the fuzzy logic for constructing the system. Taguchi method is applied to design an experimental table for carrying out the tests. The measured and estimated results confirm the reliability of the fuzzy logic method for tool wear estimation.

Keywords:

Tool Wear Monitoring, Cutting Force, Tool Vibration, Fuzzy Logic,

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