Mehmet Murat TOPAÇ, Berk ÖZMEN, Uğur DERYAL, Orhun SELBES

Özel Tip Bir Yarı Römork için Bağımsız Süspansiyon Sistemi Tasarımı: Kavramsal Tasarım Çalışmaları

Cam ve benzeri hassas yüklerin taşınmasına uygun özel tip yarı römorklarda uygulanacak 4,5 ton taşıma kapasiteli, boyuna salıncaklı bir bağımsız süspansiyon sisteminin kavramsal tasarım adımları özetlenmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, tekerleğin toplam çalışma stroku dikkate alınarak, süspansiyon sisteminin tasarım hacmi belirlenmiştir. Hedeflenen şasi düşey titreşim frekansı ile şasi sönüm faktörü değerlerini sağlayan hava yayı ve amortisör katsayıları, kütle-yay-sönümleyici modeli kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu veriler kullanılarak, Adams/Car™ çoklu cisim dinamiği paket programı yardımıyla, süspansiyonun çoklu cisim (ÇC) modeli oluşturulmuştur. Adams/Insight™ uygulaması yardımıyla, yaylanma sırasında en düşük aks açıklığı değişimini meydana getirecek uygun salıncak yatağı konumu bulunmuştur. Yatak konumu, şasinin konstrüksiyonu ile yay ve amortisörün strokları gibi faktörler ışığında, süspansiyon salıncağının ön tasarımı yapılmıştır. Bu tasarımın kütlesi, topoloji optimizasyonu yardımıyla, yaklaşık %37 oranında azaltılmıştır. Farklı sürüş durumlarında, tekerlek temas noktasına etkimesi öngörülen yükler için ANSYS® Workbench uygulaması yardımıyla, sistemin sonlu elemanlar (SE) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tamamlanmış tasarımın, tasarım yükünün üç katı için güvenlik koşulunu sağladığı görülmüştür. CATIA® V5R21 DMU Kinematics uygulaması yardımıyla gerçekleştirilen kinematik incelemede, tam yaylanma durumunda, süspansiyon elemanları ve şasi arasında herhangi bir girişim oluşmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yarı römork, bağımsız süspansiyon, çoklu cisim sistemleri, sonlu elemanlar analizi, topoloji optimizasyonu

Design of an Independent Suspension for a Special Type Semi-Trailer: Conceptual Design Studies

Conceptual design steps of a 4.5 metric tonnes capacity, trailing arm-type independent suspension system, which will be applied to special type semi-trailers suitable for the transport of glass and other sensitive loads, are summarized. In the first phase of the work, the design volume of the suspension system is determined, by taking the total working stroke of the wheel into account. The spring and damping coefficients, which provide the required vertical vibration frequency and the chassis damping factor for the chassis, are calculated by using the mass-spring-damper model. By using these data, a multi-body (MB) model of the suspension system was created via Adams/Car ™ multibody dynamics software package. Proper position of the control arm bearing which satisfies the minimum wheel base alteration during the wheel travel by using the Adams / Insight ™ application. In the light of the factors such as the bearing position, chassis structure, the strokes of the spring and damper, pre-design of the control arm was carried out. Mass of this design was decreased about 37% with the help of topology optimization. Finite element (FE) analyses of the suspension system was also carried out via ANSYS® Workbench application for predicted loads on the wheel contact point which represent various load conditions. Results showed that the final design satisfies the safety condition for three times the design load. Kinematic inspection which was carried out by using the CATIA® V5R21 DMU Kinematics application was also showed that there is no penetration between the suspension components and the chassis for full jounce.

Keywords:

Semi-trailer, independent suspension, multibody systems, finite element analysis, topology optimization,

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