Kömür Yakıtlı Termik Santralin Çalışma Esnekliğinin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada kömür yakıtlı termik santrallerin operasyonel faaliyetlerde değişikliğe gidilerek esnekliğinin artırılması amaçlanmıştır. Son yıllarda yenilenebilir kaynaklı enerji üretiminin büyük ölçüde artmasıyla termik santrallerin yenilenebilir kaynaklı enerji üretimiyle rekabet yeteneğinin geliştirilmesi ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Ayrıca yenilenebilir kaynaklı enerji üretimi anlık değişimler gösterebildiği için termik santrallere şebeke dengeleme yönünden daha çok iş düşmektedir. Bu sebepten dolayı, termik santrallerin operasyonel esnekliğinin artırılması 4 ana başlık altında incelenmiştir: minumum yükte çalışma, hızlı yük alma ve atma, devreye alma prosedürü optimizasyonu ve son olarak primer ve sekonder destek kabiliyetlerinin artırılması çalışmalarını kapsamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda 4 farklı esneklik kategorisinde santral sınır değerlerin dısına çıkmadan başarılı olmuştur. Daha önce % 40 belirlenen minumum yük değeri % 30 değerine revize edilmiş ayrıca primer ve sekonder frekans destek testlerinden başarıyla geçmiş bununla beraber yük alma/atma hızı 20 MW/dk değerine iyileştirilmiştir. Son olarak, devreye alma programı optimize edilmiş minimum yardımcı yakıtla devreye alacak şekilde geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Esneklik, termik santral, çalışma rejimleri, minimum yük, yük alma/atma hızı

Investigations of Operational Flexibility of Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants

This study is aimed to change the operational activities of coal fired power plants to effectively increase its flexibility. With the large scale increase of generation in renewable energy in recent years, the need to develop skills in the area of competitivity in thermal power plants has emerged. In addition, since renewable energy can have instantaneous changes in production, there is more work needed to be done for thermal power plants that balance the grid. Due to this reason, increasing the flexibility of thermal power plants is examined under 4 main headings: Working under minimum load, fast load ramp up/down, start-up procedure optimization and primary and secondary support capabilities. As a result of the 4 different studies in the flexibility categories, the power plant has been successful without exceeding the limit values. The minimum load value which was previously determined as % 40 was revised to % 30, the primary and secondary frequency tests were also successful and the load ramp up/down values were improved to 20MW/min. Finally, the start-up program has been developed to perform with minimum auxiliary fuel.

Keywords:

: Flexibility, thermal power plant, working conditions, minumum load, fast load ramp up/down,

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