İnce Ti6Al4V Saçların Fiber Lazer ve TIG Kaynağı Sonrası Koordinat Ölçme Makinası (CMM) ile Deformasyonunun ve Mikroyapısal Analizinin Yapılması

Bu çalışmada, Ti6Al4V ince saçların kaynağında kullanılan darbeli fiber lazer ile tungsten ark kaynağı (TIG) arasındaki mekanik ve deformasyon özelliklerini karşılaştırmaya yönelik bir araştırma sunmaktadır. Ti6Al4V alaşımlı levhalar - 0,8 mm kalınlıkta - deformasyon ölçümleri için portatif Koordinat Ölçüm Cihazına (CMM) ve PC-DMIS yazılımına entegre edilmiş bir 3D lazer tarayıcı ile taranmıştır. Fiber lazer ve tungsten ark kaynağı kullanılan kaynak numunelerinde deformasyon paterni, artık çarpılmalar, kaynak geometrisi, mikroyapı ve mikro sertlik özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. TIG ile karşılaştırıldığında, fiber lazer ile kaynaklı numunelerde dar ısıdan etkilenmiş bölgeden (HAZ) dolayı, daha küçük deformasyonlara, ince mikro yapıya, yüksek Vickers sertlik ölçümlerine rastlanmıştır. Fiber lazer kaynağının Ti6Al4V alaşımına sahip levhaların kaynaklanmasında TIG kaynağından daha uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır; Fiber lazerlerin küçük ışın odaklama özelliği sayesinde daha derin penetrasyon kaynağı sağladığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Deformation and microstructural analysis of fiber laser and TIG welding of thin Ti6Al4V sheet by coordinate measurement machine (CMM)

This paper reports on a study to compare the mechanical and deformation properties of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy joints between apulsed fiber laser source and a tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. Ti6Al4V alloy sheets - 0.8 mm thick-deformation modificationswere investigated via a 3D laser scanner integrated to a portable-arm Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) and PC-DMISsoftware. Deformation pattern, residual distortions, weld geometry, microstructure and microhardnes properties of the jointsproduced with fiber laser source and tungsten inert gas welding were compared. Compared with the TIG, the welded by fiber laserhas narrow heat affected zone (HAZ), small overall residual distortion, fine microstructure, high Vickers hardness. It can beconcluded that fiber laser welding is more suitable for welding the thin Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate than TIG welding; due to thesmall beam focus characteristics of fiber lasers enabiling deep penetration welding.

PDF

___

[1] Akman E., Demir A., Canel E. and Sınmazçelik T., “Laser welding of Ti6Al4V titanium alloys”, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 209(8): 3705-3713, (2009).
[2] Veiga C., Davim J. P. and Loureiro A. J. R., “Properties and applications of titanium alloys: A brief review”, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., 32: 14-34, (2012).
[3] Yang X., Li S., Qi H., “Ti–6Al–4V welded joints via electron beam welding: microstructure, fatigue properties, and fracture behaviour”, Mater Sci Eng A, 597: 225–231, (2014).
[4] Wu M., Xin R., Wang Y., Zhou Y., Wang K., Liu Q., “Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of commercial high-purity thick titanium plates jointed by electron beam welding”, Mater Sci Eng A, 677: 50–57, (2016).
[5] Lu W., Li X., Lei Y., Shi Y., “Study on the mechanical heterogeneity of electron beam welded thick TC4-DT joints”, Mater Sci Eng A, 540: 135–141, (2012).
[6] Karpagaraj A, Siva N, Sankaranarayanasamy K, “Some studies on mechanical properties and microstructural characterization of automated TIG welding of thin commercially pure titanium sheets”, Mater Sci Eng A, 640: 180–189, (2015).
[7] Lathabai S., Jarvis B.L., Barton K.J., “Comparison of keyhole andconventional gas tungsten arc welds in commercially pure titanium”, Mater Sci Eng A, 299: 81– 93, (2001).
[8] Yunlian Q., Ju D., Quan H., Liying Z., “Electron beam welding, laser beam welding and gas tungsten arc welding of titanium sheet”, Mater Sci Eng A, 280: 177– 81, (2000).
[9] Gao X-L, Zhang L-J, Liu J, Zhang J-X, “A comparative study ofpulsed Nd:YAG laser welding and TIG welding of thinTi6Al4V titanium alloy plate”, Mater Sci Eng A, 559: 14–21, (2013).
[10] Lu W., Shi Y., Lei Y., Li X., “Effect of electron beam welding onthe microstructures and mechanical properties of thick TC4-DT alloy”, Mater Des, 34: 509–515, (2012).
[11] Short A.B., “Gas tungsten arc welding of titanium alloys: are view”, Mater Sci Technol, 25: 309–324, (2009).
[12] Gao X. L., Liu J., Zhang L. J. and Zhang J. X., “Effect of the overlapping factor on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pulsed Nd:YAG laser welded Ti6Al4V sheets”, Mater. Charac., 93: 136-149, (2014).
[13] Cao X. and Jahazi M., “Effect of welding speed on butt joint quality of Ti–6Al–4V alloy welded using a highpower Nd:YAG laser”, Opt Laser Eng., 47: 1231-124, (2009).
[14] Huang, H., Wang, J., Li, L., Ma, N., “Prediction of laser welding induced deformation in thin sheets by efficient numerical modelling”, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 227: 117–128, (2016).
[15] Luo, Y., Murakawa, H., Ueda, Y., “Prediction of welding deformation and residual stress by elastic FEM based on inherent strain. Second report: deformation and residual stress under multiple thermal cycles”, J. Soc. Nav. Archit Jpn., 182: 783–793, (1997).
[16] Ma, N., Huang H., Murakawa H., “Effect of jig constraint position and pitch on welding deformation”, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 221: 154–162, (2015).
[17] Junaid M. et al., Junaida M., Baig M.N., Shamir M., Khand F.N., Rehmana K., Haider J., “A comparative study of pulsed laser and pulsed TIG welding of Ti-5Al2.5Sn titanium alloy sheet”, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 242: 24–38, (2017).
[18] Hensley, W. E. “Welding Stainless Steel, In Handbook of Stainless Steels”, (Ed. Peckner, D., Bernstein, I. M.) McGraw Hill Book Inc., New York, (1997).
[19] Steen, W. M. “Laser Material Processing”, SpringerVerlag Ltd., London, 148: 207–216, (1998).
[20] Rakesh, K., Ganesh, P., Tripathi, P., Nandedkar, R. V., Nath, A. K., “Comparison of Laser and Gas Tungsten Arc Weldments of Stabilized 17 wt % Cr Ferritic Stainless Steel, Materials and Manufacturing Processes”, 18: 4, (2006).