Fındık Kabuğundan Biyokömür Hazırlanması ve Karakterizasyonu ve Metilen Mavisi Boya İçin Adsorpsiyon Özellikleri

Su kaynaklarındaki en büyük kirleticilerden biri, farklı endüstriler tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan organik boyalardır. Metilen mavisi bunlardan biri olup, sucul yaşam için oldukça zararlıdır. Bu kirletici uygun yöntemlerle uzaklaştırılmalıdır. Adsorpsiyon, yüksek saflaştırma verimi nedeniyle en popüler yöntemlerden biridir ve sorbent ucuz olduğu takdirde uygun maliyetli bir işlem olarak bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, adsorbent olarak kullanılan biyokömür, hammadde olarak kullanılan fındık kabuklarından üretilmiştir. Ham fındık kabuğunun kimyasal, termal ve yüzey özellikleri FT-IR, TG/DTG, SEM ve elementel analiz ile araştırılmıştır. Biyokömürün özellikleri ise FT-IR, BET ve SEM analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Metilen mavisinin fındık kabuğundan üretilen kömür üzerine adsorpsiyonuna pH, başlangıç boya konsantrasyonu, temas süresi, adsorbent miktarı ve sıcaklık gibi farklı adsorpsiyon parametrelerinin etkisini belirlemek için kesikli deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Adsorpsiyon dengesi Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Metilen mavisi için maksimum adsorpsiyon verimi; pH 4.0’ de, 4 g/L adsorbent miktarında, 300 dakika temas süresinde, 15 mg/L başlangıç boya konsantrasyonunda ve 45 o C’de %83 olarak bulunmuştur. Buna ek olarak, Freundlich izoterminin adsorpsiyon işlemi için en uygun izoterm modeli olduğu bulunmuştur. Deneysel verilere yalancı birinci derece ve yalancı ikinci derece kinetik modeller uygulanmış ve Gibbs serbest enerjisi, entalpi ve entropi gibi termodinamik parametreler belirlenmiştir.

Preparation and Characterisation of Biochar from Hazelnut Shell and Its Adsorption Properties for Methylene Blue Dye

One of the major pollutants in water resources are organic dyes that are widely used by different industries. Methylene blue (MB) is one of them which is quite harmful for aquatic life. This pollutant must be removed with proper methods. Adsorption is one of the most popular methods because of its high purification yield and known as a cost effective process if the sorbent is inexpensive. In this study, biochar which is used as an adsorbent has been produced from hazelnut shells used as the raw material. Chemical, thermal and surface characteristics of raw hazelnut shell were investigated by FT-IR, TG/DTG, SEM and elemental analysis. Biochar characteristics were determined by FT-IR, BET and SEM analysis. The effect of different adsorption parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage and temperature on the adsorption of MB onto hazelnut shell char were examined in batch experiments. The equilibrium of adsorption was modeled using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption yield of MB was found to be 83% at pH 4.0, adsorbent dosage of 4 g/L, contact time of 300 min., initial dye concentration of 15 mg/L and temperature of 45 oC. In addition, the Freundlich isotherm was found to be the best fitting isotherm model for the adsorption process. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied to the experimental data and thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy were determined.

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