Dijital İnsan Modelleme Tabanlı Ergonomik Analiz: Ortaokul Öğrencileri İçin Ayarlanabilir Okul Mobilyası Tasarımı

Öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını ve sağlıklarını etkileyen bir çok neden vardır. Bu nedenlerden biri de okul mobilyalarının ergonomik olmamasıdır. Bu çalışmada, öğrenilerin antropometrik özelliklerine uygun, yüksekliği ve eğimi ayarlanabilen okul mobilyaları ile tasarım odaklı derslerde çizim yaparken ideal duruşlarını koruyabilmeleri amaçlanmıştır. Öğrenci mobilyası öğrencilerden elde edilen antropometrik veriler doğrultusunda tasarlanmıştır. Yüksekliği ayarlanabilir oturak öğrencilerin bacak boylarına göre üç farklı yükseklikte, tasarlanan masa ise eğimli olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Mobilyaların ergonomik analizi RULA-Üst Ekstremite Analizi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizlerde, elde edilen antropometrik verilere uygun olarak Dijital İnsan Modelleri (DHM) kullanılmıştır. Modeller yoluyla yapılan analizler sayesinde risk değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştır. RULA analizinde ergonomik konumda pozisyonlanan uzuvlar yeşilden kırmızıya doğru renklendirilmiştir. Analizler neticesinde, tasarlanan mobilyanın, bilinen okul mobilyalarına oranla daha iyi RULA skoru elde ettiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

DHM, ergonomik analiz, antropometri, ergonemik tasarım, okul mobilyası

Ergonomic Analysis Based on Digital Human Modelling: Adjustable School Furniture Design for Secondary School Students

There are many reasons that affect students' academic achievement and health. One of the reasons is that school furniture is not ergonomic. Designed in this paper are student chairs and desks, which are height adjustable and inclinable, are suitable for the anthropometric characteristics of the students and which would ensure that students maintain their ideal body postures in design oriented classes, especially while making drawings. The student desk and the chair were designed in consideration of the anthropometric data obtained from the students. The height-adjustable seat can be used at three different heights according to the leg length of the students and the designed table can be used inclined. Ergonomically evaluation of the school furniture designed was carried out through RULA – Rapid Upper Limb Analysis. During the tests and the analyses, Digital Human Models (DHM) matching the anthropometric measures determined within the study were used. Risk assessments were conducted in this study with the help of the ergonomics analyses carried out with DHMs. In the RULA analysis, the limbs positioned in the ergonomic position were colored from green to red. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the designed furniture had a better RULA score than the known school furniture.

Keywords:

DHM, ergonomics analysis, anthropometry, ergonomic design, school furniture,

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