Blokzincir Teknolojisinin Dijital Kimlik Yönetiminde Kullanımı: Bir Sistematik Haritalama Çalışması

Çevrimiçi sunulan birçok ürün ve hizmete internet üzerinden erişerek işlem gerçekleştirmek için kullanılması zorunlu olan dijital kimlik, gerçek dünya kimlikleri ile güvenli biçimde ilişkilendirildiğinde insanların gerçekten iddia ettikleri kişi olduklarını kanıtlamalarını sağlamakta olup dijitalleşmenin en önemli unsurlarından biridir. Dijital kimliklerin tasarımı, kullanılması, yönetimi ve güvenliği gibi konularda mevcut uygulamalarda bazı sorunlar yaşanmaktadır. Bu sorunlardan en önemlileri arasında kimlik sistemlerinin devletler ya da büyük teknoloji şirketleri gibi merkezi otoritelerin kontrolünde olması, bu durumun verilerin usulsüz kullanımı ve mahremiyetin ihlal edilmesi risklerini doğurması, aynı bilgilerin farklı otoritelerce tutulması zorunluluğundan kaynaklanan veri tutarsızlıkları ve verimsiz iş süreçleri sayılabilir. Blokzincir teknolojisinin yapısal özellikleri mevcut sistemdeki bu verimsizlik ve problemleri gidermek için oldukça uygundur. 2008 yılında ilk ortaya çıkmasından bu yana sürekli olarak artan bir ilgiyle takip edilen ve uygulama sahası sürekli olarak genişleyen blokzincir teknolojisi konusunda hem devletler hem de Birleşmiş Milletler ve Avrupa Birliği gibi uluslararası kuruluşlar ve özel sektör tarafından dijital kimlik özelinde araştırma, model ve prototip geliştirme çalışmaları yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, blokzincir teknolojisinin dijital kimlik alanında kullanımına ilişkin çalışmalar ve elde edilen çıktılar hakkında bütünsel bir fikir edinmek ve geleceğe yönelik bir perspektif sunmak amacıyla, sistematik haritalama metodu kullanılarak konu incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Blokzincir, dijital kimlik yönetimi, sistematik haritalama

Blockchain Technology for Digital Identity Management: A Systematic Mapping Study

The digital identity, which is a must for accessing many online products and services, lets individuals to proove that they really are who they claim to be when it is securely associated with real world identities. Besides, digital identity is one of the most important elements of digitalization. However, there are some deficiencies in existing applications related to design, implementation, management and security of digital identities. The principal deficiencies may be count as the risks of improper use of data and violation of privacy arising from being under the control of central authorities such as governments or technology giants, and inconsistent data and nonproductive business processes arising from duplication of identity data amongst different authorities. Blockchain technology has a potential to eliminate these problems and nonproductivity by its inherent characteristics. Since its first emerge in 2008, blockchain technology has been closely followed and the field of application consistently expanded. Today, governments, international organizations such as United Nations and European Union and private sector carry out research, modelling and prototype development studies on digital identity with blockchain. In this study, systematic mapping method was used to have a holistic insight about the researches on utilization of blockchain for digital identity and it is also aimed to provide a perspective for future works.

Keywords:

blockchain, digital identity, systematic mapping,

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