Alüminyum Alaşımının Derin Çekilmesine Sıcaklığın Etkisinin Deneysel ve Sayısal Olarak Araştırılması

5000 serisi Al-Mg alaşımları, süneklik, iyi kaynak edilebilirlik, yüksek mukavemet ve düşük ağırlık özelliklerinden dolayı geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptirler. Bununla birlikte bu alaşımların oda sıcaklığında şekillendirilmesi mikroyapılarından dolayı çelik saclara nazaran zordur. Bu problemlerin üstesinden gelmenin en etkili yolu ılık şekillendirmedir. Bu çalışmada, şekillendirme sıcaklığının limit çekme oranı, ıstampa kuvveti, et kalınlığı, mikrosertlik ve gerilmeye etkisi deneysel ve sayısal olarak araştırılmıştır. Deneyler 25oC, 100oC, 175oC ve 250oC sıcaklıklarında, 3600 N baskı plakası kuvvetinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda sıcaklığın artması ile et kalınlığı değişiminin daha homojen hale geldiği, limit çekme oranının arttığı, mikrosertlik, gerilme ve ıstampa kuvvetinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (SEY) ile elde edilen sayısal sonuçların deneysel veriler ile elde edilen sonuçlara yakın oldukları gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

AA5754 sac malzeme, limit çekme oranı, ılık derin çekme, mikrosertlik, sonlu elemanlar yöntemi

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Temperature on Deep Drawing of Aluminum Alloy

5000 series of Al-Mg alloys have found very wide application areas due to their ductility, good weldability, high strength and low weight properties. However, forming of these alloys is more difficult than steel sheets at room temperature due to their microstructure. The most effective way to overcome these problems is the warm forming. In this study, the effect of forming temperature on limit drawing ratio, punch force, wall thickness, microhardness and stress of cup were investigated experimentally and numerically. The experiments were conducted at 25°C, 100°C, 175°C, and 250°C temperatures under 3600 N blank holder force. As a result of the studies, it was determined that an increase in forming temperature led to more homogeneous distribution of wall thickness, increase of limit drawing ratio, decrease of microhardness, stress and punch forces. The finite element analysis (FEA) model results were also in a good agreement with the experimental results.

Keywords:

AA5754 sheet metal, limit drawing ration, warm deep drawing, microhardness, finite element analysis,

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