Elif HAYTAOĞLU, Ömer GÜLEÇ, Mustafa TOSUN

Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması

Telsiz duyarga ağları sağlık, ziraat, güvenlik ve eğlence gibi çeşitli alanlarda fayda sağlamaktadır. Bu ağları oluşturan düğümlerin enerji kaynaklarının kısıtlı olmasından dolayı enerjilerini etkin bir şekilde kullanmaya yönelik çeşitli çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda genel olarak, düğümlerin nöbetleşe sıra ile çalışması ya da sistemde enerji etkin bir iletişim omurgası kullanılması üzerinde durulmuştur. Telsiz duyarga ağlarında iletişim omurgası olarak genellikle bağlı baskın kümeler kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca, kendi enerjisini üreten düğümlerin de telsiz duyarga ağı sistemlerinde kullanılarak bu sistemlerin yaşam süresinin arttırılması literatürdeki bazı çalışmalarda düşünülmüştür. Bu çalışmada telsiz duyarga sistemlerinin en büyük problemlerinden olan enerji sorunu incelenerek güneş panellerinden kendi enerjisini üretebilen ve üretemeyen düğümlerin olduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam sürelerinin arttırılması için yeniden kullanılabilen yeni bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması önerilmiştir. Bir düğümde veya düğümlerin bazılarında enerji tükenmesi gerçekleştiğinde belirli bir miktar beklenerek, çalışan düğümlerde bir kopma gerçekleşmemişse önerilen algoritma tekrar çalıştırılmaktadır. Önerilen algoritma, telsiz duyarga ağ alanında sıklıkla kullanılan Cooja tabanlı SensEH benzetim ortamında uygulanmıştır. Önerilen algoritma ve rakip algoritma oluşturulan bağlı baskın kümelerin kullanıldığı sistemlerdeki yaşam süreleri ile algoritmaların zaman ve enerji tüketim maliyeti kapsamlı benzetim analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre önerilen algoritmanın toplam yaşam süresini rakip algoritmaya göre yaklaşık olarak iki katına çıkartabildiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Telsiz duyarga ağları, Bağlı baskın küme, Enerji hasadı

A new reconstructable distributed connected dominating set algorithm for extending the lifetime of wireless sensor networks including energy harvester nodes

Wireless sensor networks are utilized in many different areas such as health, agriculture, security, and entertainment. Since the nodes that constitute wireless sensor networks have limited energy resources, many studies have been carried out on use of their resources in an energy efficient manner. These studies generally focused on duty cycle techniques or constructing energy efficient communication backbones. In wireless sensor systems, the connected dominating sets are generally considered to be used as a backbone. In addition, the deployment of the nodes that harvest their own energy in wireless sensor networks has also been considered in recent studies. In this study, a new distributed algorithm is proposed to construct reusable connected dominating set for wireless networks that possess energy harvester nodes and ordinary nodes which could not harvest its energy. Whenever an energy depletion problem in a node or in more than one node occurs, after a specific interval, the proposed algorithm is re-employed on the alive nodes unless wireless sensor network is disconnected. The proposed algorithm was implemented on SensEH simulation environment based on Cooja which is one of the most commonly used tools in the wireless sensor network area. The new algorithm and the rival algorithm in the area are analyzed with respect to the lifetime of the systems together with the time and the energy consumptions required by the algorithms. According to the results, it is observed that the proposed algorithm can double the total lifetime compared to the rival algorithm.

Keywords:

Wireless sensor networks, Connected dominating set, Energy harvesting,

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