Rıdvan KARACAN, Mehmet Emin YARDIMCI, Aykut İŞLEYEN

Yönetim Biçiminin Ekonomik Büyüme ve Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerindeki Etkisi

Küresel ekonomi büyüdüğü halde gelir eşitsizliği artmaktadır. Gelir eşitsizliği hem ekonomik hem de sosyal anlamda insan yaşamını olumsuz etkileyen önemli bir unsurdur. Bu çalışmada ekonomik büyüme ve eşitsizlik arasındaki ilişki yönetim biçimleri bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Böylece ekonomik büyüme ve gelir eşitsizliği konusunda literatüre farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırılmak istenmiştir. The Economist 2021’de 167 ülke, 60 göstergeye dayanarak 0 ila 10 arasında puanlama yaparak demokrasi endeksi oluşturmuştur. 2006-2020 Dönemini kapsayan çalışmada, ülkeler en kötüden en iyiye sırasıyla; otoriter rejim, hibrit rejim, kusurlu demokrasi ve tam demokrasi şeklinde kategorilere ayrılmıştır. Bu amaçla tam demokratik Kuzey Amerika ile otokratik Sahra-altı Afrika ülkeleri özelinde bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Panel veri modeli kullanılarak yapılan ampirik analiz 2006-2020 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Değişkenler sırasıyla gelir eşitsizliği (GINI, bağımlı), ekonomik büyüme (GSYİH, bağımsız) ve Rejim (RE, bağımsız) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre; Kuzey Amerika ülkeleri için ekonomik büyüme ile gelir eşitsizliği arasında pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Otoriter rejimle yönetilen Sahra-Altı ülkelerde ise bu ilişkinin çok zayıf olduğu görülmüştür.

The Effect of Regime on the Economic Growth and the Income Inequality

An information that is not contained in the article should not be involved in abstract. While the global economy is growing, income inequality is increasing. Income inequality is an important element that negatively affects human life both economically and socially. In this study, the relationship between economic growth and inequality was compared in terms of management forms. Thus, it was desirable to give a different perspective to the literature on economic growth and income inequality. In the Econo-mist 2021, 167 countries created an index of democracy, scoring between 0 and 10 based on 60 indica-tors. In the study covering the period 2006 - 2020, countries; from worst to best, respectively; authoritarian regime, hybrid regime, flawed democracy and full democracy are divided into categories. For this purpose, a study was conducted in the special case of fully democratic North America and autocratic Sub-Saharan African countries. Empirical analysis using the Panel data model covers the period 2006-2020. The variables were chosen because they were dealt with by the link between income inequality (Gini, dependent) and economic growth (GDP, independent) and regime (RE, independent), respectively. Study results by; A positive correlation has been found between economic growth and income inequality for North American countries. In Sub-Saharan countries ruled by an authoritarian regime, this relationship was found to be very weak.

Keywords:

Income Inequality, Regime, Economic Growth Panel Data Methodology, North America, Sub-Saharan Africa,

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