Obezitenin Sosyo-Ekonomik Belirleyicileri: OECD Ülkeleri Analizi

Araştırmanın amacı küresel anlamda artan bir sağlık problemi olan obezitenin sosyal ve ekonomik hayatta meydana gelen değişimlerden ne derece etkilendiğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç ile 29 OECD ve partner ülkesinin 2000-2013 yılları için obezite, sağlık harcamaları, işsizlik, kentleşme, sigara ve alkol kullanımı ile alınan kalori miktarlarına ait veriler alınmıştır. Alınan veriler ile bu ülkelerde obezite oranlarında meydana gelen artış üzerinde sosyo-ekonomik faktörlerin etki düzeyleri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre alınan kalori miktarında meydana gelen artış, değişen sosyolojik yapının bir sonucu olarak artan kentleşme, kentleşme ile birlikte artan işsizlik oranı ve alkol kullanımının artması araştırmamızda ele alınan ülkeler için 2000-2013 yılları arasında obezite oranını arttırmaktadır. Ayrıca sağlık harcamalarında meydana gelen artış, aynı ülkelerde aynı dönem için obezite oranını azaltıcı bir etki göstermektedir. Son olarak sigara kullanımının artması ise sağlıklı beslenmeyi olumsuz etkilediğinden dolayı bireylerin kilo kaybına neden olup obezite oranlarını düşürmektedir. Fakat obezite oranlarında görülen bu düşüş sağlıklı bir düşüş olmayıp tam aksine çok daha büyük sağlık problemlerine sebep olabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Obezite, Sosyo-ekonomik Yapı, Sağlık Harcamaları, OECD Ülkeleri, Panel Veri Analizi

Socio-Economic Determinants of Obesity: Analysis of OECD Countries

The aim of the study is to determine the extent to which obesity, a globally increasing health problem, is affected by changes in social and economic life. For this purpose, data on the obesity, health expenditures, unemployment, urbanization, smoking and alcohol consumption and calorie intake of 29 OECD and partner countries for the years 2000-2013 were obtained. With the data obtained, the effect levels of socio-economic factors on the increase in obesity rates in these countries were investigated. According to the findings, the increase in calorie intake, increasing urbanization as a result of changing sociological structure, increasing unemployment rate with urbanization and increasing alcohol use increase the obesity rate for the countries studied in our research between 2000-2013. In addition, the increase in health expenditures has a decreasing effect on obesity rate for the same period in the same countries. Finally, the increase in cigarette smoking causes individuals to lose weight due to their negative effects on healthy nutrition and decreases obesity rates. However, this decrease in obesity rates is not a healthy decrease, but on the contrary, it can cause much greater health problems.

Keywords:

Obesity, Social And Economic Structure, Healts Ependitures, OECD Countries, Panel Data Analysis,

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