İŞGÜCÜ TALEBİ ULUSLARARASI TİCARETE TEPKİ VERİYOR MU? TÜRK İMALAT SEKTÖRÜNDEN KANITLAR

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de uluslararası ticaretin imalat sanayi istihdamı üzerindeki etkisini 2003-2017 dönemi için incelemektir. Bu çalışma özellikle Türkiye’nin başlıca ticaret ortakları olan Avrupa Birliği Ülkeleri, Rusya, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Irak ve Çin ile ticaretinin istihdam üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, seçilmiş ülkelere yapılan ihracattaki artışların Türkiye imalat sanayinde istihdam artışlarına yol açtığını göstermektedir. Bulgulara göre hem Avrupa Birliği ülkelerine yapılan ihracatın hem de bu ülkelerden yapılan ithalatın olumlu istihdam etkileri bulunmaktadır. Sadece dönem içinde en yüksek istihdam artışı olan sektörler ele alındığında ise, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Avrupa Birliği ve Irak’tan yapılan ithalatın istihdamı azaltırken, Çin ve Rusya’dan yapılan ithalatın imalat sanayinde istihdam artışına yol açtığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Ticarete açıklık, İmalat Sanayileri, İstihdam, Panel veri tahmini

DOES LABOR DEMAND RESPOND TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE? EVIDENCE FROM THE TURKISH MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of international trade on employment in the Turkish manufacturing industry over the 2003-2017 period. Specifically, this study analyzes the employment effects of Turkey’s trade with its major trading partners, namely, European Union countries, Russia, the United States, Iraq, and China. The findings of the study reveal that increased exports to the selected countries lead to employment generation in Turkish manufacturing. Both exports to and imports from the European Union countries have positive employment effects. Considering only the sectors with the highest employment growth during the period we can conclude that imports from the United States, European Union, and Iraq have led to decline in employment however imports from China and Russia increased employment in the manufacturing industry.

Keywords:

Trade openness, Manufacturing industries, Employment, Panel data estimation,

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