BOZULABİLİR ÜRÜNLER İÇİN BİRLEŞİK ÜRETİM VE DAĞITIM PLANLAMA

Bir ürünün geçtiği aşamalar, ilk tedarikçisinden başlayarak fabrikadaki üretim hattında işlenmesi, dağıtımcılar ve perakendeciler yolunu izleyerek müşteriye ulaşması olarak sıralanabilir. Bu zincirin planlanmasında yazında ve uygulamada genel kanı olarak üretim ile dağıtım ayrı planlama aşamaları olarak kabul edilmiş, buna bağlı olarak kurulan modeller de üretimi ve dağıtımı ayrı modeller altında ele almıştır. Oysa dağıtım ve üretim birbirlerini zincirleme olarak etkileyen kararlar olduğundan birleşik bir üretimdağıtım planlaması çok daha sağlıklı ve verimli sonuçlar verecektir. Özellikle de planlaması yapılan ürün zamanla kalitesi ve değeri azalan, yani bozulabilir bir ürün ise; ürünün ne zaman, ne kadar üretildiği ile ne zaman, nasıl dağıtılacağı birbirini zincirleme olarak etkileyecektir. Bu çalışmada, bir fabrikada, birden fazla bozulabilir ürünün üretimi ve birden fazla dağıtım merkezine birden fazla araç ile dağıtımını birleşik ele alan bir karma tamsayılı doğrusal programlama modeli önerilmiştir. Modelin amacı, toplam üretim, dağıtım ve stok maliyetlerini (sabit ve değişken üretim, fabrikadaki ve dağıtım merkezlerindeki stok ile araçların sabit dağıtım maliyetleri toplamını) en az yapmaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Birleşik Üretim ve Dağıtım Planlama, Bozulabilir Ürün, Karma Tam Sayılı Doğrusal Programlama

INTEGRATED PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION PLANNING FOR PERISHABLE PRODUCTS

The stages a product completes can, generally, be sorted as, beginning from the first supplier, its process on the production line in a plant and the path it reaches to customers through distributors and retailers. The studies and practices, so far, have accepted distribution and production as separate planning stages, hence the models have discussed production and distribution under separate models. Whereas distribution and production decisions affect each other successively a combined production-distribution planning would yield more reliable and productive results. Especially if the planned product loses its quality and value in time, in other words if it is a perishable product, the decisions for when and how much to produce and when and how to distribute will affect each other. This study suggests a mixed integer linear programming model which handles production and distribution of multiple perishable products, in a plant, to multiple distribution centers by multiple vehicles. The aim of the model is to minimize total production, distribution, and inventory costs (total costs of fixed production, variable production, inventory in the plant, inventory in the distribution center and fixed transportation costs of using the vehicle)

PDF

___

Ahumada, O. & Villalobos, J. R. (2011). A tactical model for planning the production and distribution of fresh produce. Annals of Operations Research. 190 (1), 339-358.
Aktaş, A. & Temiz, İ. (2020). Goal Programming Model for Production-Distribution Planning by Considering Carbon Emission. Gazi University Journal of Science. 33 (1), 135-150.
Amorim, P., Bello-Filho, M.A.F., Toledo, F.M.B., Almeder, C. & Almada-Lobo, B. (2013). Lot sizing versus batching in the production and distribution planning of perishable goods. International Journal of Production Economics. 146 (1), 208-218.
Amorim, P., Günther, H.O. & Almada-Lobo, B. (2012). Multi-objective integrated production and distribution planning of perishable products. International Journal of Production Economics. 138 (1), 89-101.
Amorim, P., Meyr, H., Almeder, C. & Almada-Lobo, B. (2013) Managing perishability in production-distribution planning: a discussion and review. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal. 25 (3), 389-413.
Bank, M., Mazdeh, M. & Heydari, M. (2020). Applying meta-heuristic algorithms for an integrated productiondistribution problem in a two level supply chain. Uncertain Supply Chain Management. 8 (1), 77-92.
Bilgen, B. & Guenther, H. O. (2010). Integrated production and distribution planning in the fast moving consumer goods industry: a block planning application. OR Spectrum. 32(4), 927-955. DOI 10.1007/ s00291.009.0177-4
Boudia, M., Louly, M. A. O. & Prins, C. (2008). Fast heuristics for a combined production planning and vehicle routing problem. Production Planning & Control. 19 (2), 85-96.
Çetinkaya, S., Üster, H., Easwaran, G. & Baris Keskin, B. (2009). An Integrated Outbound Logistics Model for Frito-Lay: Coordinating Aggregate-Level Production and Distribution Decisions. Interfaces. 39 (5), 460- 475.
Chandra, P. & Fisher, M.L. (1994). Coordination of production and distribution planning. European Journal of Operational Research. 72 (3), 503-517.
Chen, H.K., Hsueh, C.F. & Chang, M.S. (2009). Production scheduling and vehicle routing with time windows for perishable food products. Computers & Operations Research. 36 (7), 2311-2319.
Chen, M. & Wang, W. (1997). A linear programming model for integrated steel production and distribution planning. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 17 (6), 592-610.
Devapriya, P., Ferrell, W. & Geismar, N. (2017). Integrated production and distribution scheduling with a perishable product. European Journal of Operational Research. 259 (3), 906-916.
Dhaenens-Flipo, C. & Finke, G. (2001). An integrated model for an industrial production-distribution problem. IIE Transactions. 33 (9), 705-715.
Duni Ekşioğlu, S. & Jin, M. (2006). Cross-Facility Production and Transportation Planning Problem with Perishable Inventory. Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA. 3982, 708-717
Farahani, P., Grunow, M. & Guenther, H.O. (2012). Integrated production and distribution planning for perishable food products. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal. 24 (1), 28-51.
Federgruen, A., Prastacos, G. & Zipkin, P.H. (1986). An allocation and distribution model for perishable products. Operations Research. 34 (1), 75-82.
Fumero, F. & Vercellis, C. (1999). Synchronized development of production, inventory, and distribution schedules. Transportation Science. 33 (3), 330-340.
Geismar, H. N., Laporte, G. & Le, L. Sriskandarajah, C. (2008). The integrated production and transportation scheduling problem for a product with a short lifespan. INFORMS Journal on Computing. 20 (1), 21-33.
Jayaraman, V. & Pirkul, H. (2001). Planning and coordination of production and distribution facilities for multiple commodities. European Journal of Operational Research. 133 (2), 394-408.
Kopanos, G.M., Puigjaner, L. & Georgiadis, M.C. (2012). Simultaneous production and logistics operations planning in semicontinuous food industries. Omega. 40 (5), 634-650.
Lacomme, P., Moukrim, A., Quilliot, A. & Vinot, M. (2018). Supply chain optimization with both production and transportation integration: multiple vehicles for a single perishable product. International Journal of Production Research. 56 (12), 4313-4336.
Lee, Y. H. & Kim, S. H. (2002). Production-distribution planning in supply chain considering capacity constraints. Computers & Industrial Engineering. 43 (1-2), 169-190.
Li, Y., Chu, F., Côté, J.F., Coelho, L. & Chu, C. (2019). The multi-plant perishable food production routing with packaging consideration. International Journal of Production Economics. 221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijpe.2019.08.007.
Liu, L. & Liu S. (2020). Integrated Production and Distribution Problem of Perishable Products with a Minimum Total Order Weighted Delivery Time. Mathematics. 8 (2), 146. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8020146.
Marandi, F. & Zegordi, S. H. (2017). Integrated production and distribution scheduling for perishable products. Scientica Irenica. 24 (4), 2105-2118.
Meneses, A., Amorim, P., Almada-Lobo B. & Almeder, C. (2011). Integrating lot sizing and scheduling with the vehicle routing problem: A special look into perishable products. Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Lot Sizing. Istanbul, Turkey. 55-59.
Moon, I., Yoon, J. J. & Saha, S. (2016) Fuzzy bi-objective production-distribution planning problem under the carbon emission constraint. Sustainability. 8 (8), 798-815
Ngoc, M. H. & Nananukul, N. (2016). Integrated Production and Distribution with Perishability Management in Logistics System. Conference Paper: International Conference on Trends in Multidisciplinary Business and Economic Research. 3. 120-127.
Park, Y. B. (2005). An integrated approach for production and distribution planning in supply chain management. International Journal of Production Research. 43 (6), 1205-1224.
Pauls-Worm, K.G.J., Hendrix, E.M.T., Haijema, R. & Van der Vorst, J. (2014). An MILP approximation for ordering perishable products with non-stationary demand and service level constraints. International Journal of Production Economics. 157, 133-146.
Rong, A. & Grunow. M. (2010). A methodology for controlling dispersion in food production and distribution. OR Spectrum. 32 (4), 957-978.
Rong, A., Akkerman, R. & Grunow, M. (2011). An optimization approach for managing fresh food quality throughout the supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics. 131 (1), 421-429.
Sarrafha, K., Kazemi, A. & Alinezhad, A. (2014) A multi-objective evolutionary approach for integrated production-distribution planning problem in a supply chain network. Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering (JOIE). 7 (14), 89-102.
Seyedhosseini, M. & Ghoreyshi, S. M. (2014). An integrated model for production and distribution planning of perishable products with inventory and routing considerations. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/475606.
Sirelson, V. & Brodheim, E. (1991). A Computer Planning Model for Blood Platelet Production and Distribution, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 35 (4), 279-291 DOI: 10.1016/0169-2607(91)90006-F.
Torabi, S. A. & Moghaddam, M. (2012). Multi-site integrated production-distribution planning with transshipment: a fuzzy goal programming approach. International Journal of Production Research. 50 (6), 1726-1748.
Yan, C., Banerjee, A. & Yang, L. (2011). An integrated production-distribution model for a deteriorating inventory item. International Journal of Production Economics. 133 (1), 228-232.
Yılmaz, E. & Bilgin, E. (2019). Çok kademeli bir tedarik zinciri ağı için üretim-dağıtım ve tersine lojistik planlaması. R&S-Research Studies Anatolia Journal. 2(4), 55-71.
Zegordi, S. H. & Nia, M. A. B. (2009). Integrating production and transportation scheduling in a two-stage supply chain considering order assignment. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 44 (9), 928-939.