Investigation of DNA damage in epileptic women treated with phenobarbital

Gebelik süresince nöbet sıklığı epilepsili kadınların yaklaşık üçte birinde artar. Bu ne-denle, epileptik nöbet epilepsili kadınların hamilelik dönemlerinde çözülmesi gereken en zor problemlerden biridir. Antiepileptik ilaçların kadınlarda göz önünde bulundurulması gereken en önemli toksik etkisi teratojenitedir. Fenobarbital en çok kullanılan an-tiepileptik ilaçlardan biridir. DNA üzerindeki olası toksik etkisi çeşitli yöntemlerle test edilmiş, fakat çelişkili sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, otuz epileptik kadında fe-nobarbitalin teratojenik etkisini tespit etmek üzere duyarlı ve güvenilir bir metot olan kornet testi ilk kez kullanıldı. Çalışmaya düzenli adet gören, sigara içmeyen ve epi-lepsiden başka bir sağlık sorunu almayan kadınlar kabul edildi. Kontrol gurubu benzer özellikleri taşıyan ve uzun süreli ilaç kullanmayan 30 sağlıklı kadından oluşturuldu. Ha-sarlı ( sınırlı miktarda ve yoğun olarak yer değiştirmiş) hücreler epileptik grupta kontrole nazaran daha fazla olmakla birlikte fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p>0,05). Sonuçlarımız uzun süreli fenobarbital kullanımının mutajenik etkisi olmadığı yönündeki iddiaları desteklemektedir. Yine de bu sonuçlar uterus içersinde gelişen fetüsün et-kilenmeyeceği şeklinde yorumlanamaz.

Fenobarbital ile tedavi edilen epilepsili kadınlarda DNA hasarının araştırılması

Frequency of seizure during pregnancy is increased about one-third of the women with epilepsy. Therefore, seizure is one of the most difficult problems awaiting solution for epileptic female patients during their pregnancy. The main toxic effect of the antiepileptic drugs (AED) to be considered in women is the teratogenicity. Phénobarbital is one of the widely used AED. Its potential toxic effects on DNA have been tested by various methods, but the results were conflicting. In the present study, comet assay, sensitive and reliable test, was used for the first time to detect any teratogenic effects of phénobarbital in thirty epileptic women. The epileptic female patients who had normal menstrual cycles, and who were in, otherwise, good health were accepted. They were also nonsmokers. Control group consisted of 30 healthy, nonsmoker female patients, who had normal menstrual cycles and did not use any long-term drugs. The damaged (limited and extensively migrated) cells in patients' group were higher than that of the control group, but this difference was not ,statistically significant (p>0,05). Our results support that long-term phénobarbital monotherapy in adults does not appear to have any mutagenic effect. This conclusion, however, can not be extended to the developing fetus exposed to the effects of phénobarbital in utero.

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