Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Kaşıntının Varlığı ile Uyku ve Anksiyete Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hemodiyaliz hastalarının yaşadığı kaşıntıyı çokboyutlu değerlendirmek ve kaşıntının, uyku ile anksiyete arasındaki ilişkisiniincelemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan bu çalışma, Ocak- Mart 2020tarihleri arasında Akdeniz bölgesinde iki devlet hastanesinin diyaliz merkezindegerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan 114 hasta dahil edildi.Çalışmanın verileri, Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, 5 D Kaşıntı ölçeği, Richard-CampbellUyku Ölçeği, Spielberg Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılarak elde edildi.Bulgular: Çalışmada hastaların yarısına yakınının ciddi ve orta derecede kaşıntıyaşadığı belirlendi. Hastaların 5 D kaşıntı ölçeğinden toplam 12.44 ± 7.11 (ortaşiddette); sürekli kaygı ölçeğinden toplam 49.54±13,03; Richard-Campbell UykuÖlçeğinden toplam 50.44±27.71 puan aldıkları saptandı. Hastaların % 41.2’sininçok kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olduğu belirlendi. Kaşıntı ve uyku arasında ortaderecede (p=.000; r=-.679); kaşıntı ve anksiyete arasında yüksek derede (p=.000;r=.706) korelasyonel bir ilişki bulundu. Yapılan lineer regresyonda kaşıntı hemanksiyetenin hem de uykunun belirleyicisi olarak saptandı.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada hemodiyaliz hastalarının yarısına yakınının orta ve şiddetliderecede kaşıntı yaşadığı ve günlük yaşamlarının önemli derecede etkilendiğibelirlendi. Çalışmanın diğer önemli bir sonucu da kaşıntı ile uyku kalitesi veanksiyete arasındaki ilişkinin varlığıdır. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak hemodiyalizhastalarında etkin semptom yönetiminin sağlanması için kaşıntı semptomlarınındiyaliz hemşireleri tarafından çok boyutlu değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.Kaşıntı semptomlarının hemodiyaliz hastalarında çok boyutlu değerlendirilmesiile uyku, anksiyete ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesinisağlayarak hastaların morbiditesini azaltacağı ve yaşam kalitesini artıracağıöngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hemodiyaliz, Kaşıntı, Anksiyete, Uyku Kalitesi

Investigation of the Relationship Between Pruritus and Sleep and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the itching experienced byhemodialysis patients in multiple dimensions and to examine the relationshipbetween itching and sleep and anxiety.Method: This descriptive study was conducted in the dialysis center of two statehospitals in the Mediterranean region between January-March 2020. 114 patientswho underwent hemodialysis session were included in the study. The data of thestudy were obtained by using the Introductory Information Form, 5 D Itch scale,Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale (R-CUS), Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Scale.Results: In the study, it was determined that almost half of the patientsexperienced severe and moderate itching. The total mean score of the patients onthe 5D itch scale was 12.44 ± 7.11 (moderate); 49.54 ± 13.03 from the traitanxiety scale; It was determined that they got 50.44 ± 27.71 points from theRichard-Campbell Sleep Scale. It was determined that 41.2% of the patients hadvery bad sleep. Moderate between itching and sleep (p = .000; r = -. 679);Correlation was found between itching and anxiety at high level (p = .000; r = -.706). In the linear regression, itching was determined as a determinant of bothanxiety and sleep.Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that almost half of hemodialysispatients experienced moderate and severe itching and their daily lives weresignificantly affected. Another important result of the study was the relationshipbetween itching and sleep quality and anxiety. Based on these results, it isrecommended that the itching symptoms are evaluated multi-dimensionally by thedialysis nurses to ensure effective symptom management in hemodialysis patients.Multidimensional evaluation of itching symptoms in hemodialysis patients isthought to decrease the morbidity and increase the quality of life by enabling thedetermination of the effect on sleep, anxiety and quality of life.

Keywords:

Hemodialysis, Itching, Anxiety, Sleep Qality,

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