Birleşmiş Milletler Uluslararası Silah Ticareti Antlaşması / United Nations International Arms Trade Treaty

Uluslararası düzeyde, konvansiyonel silahların hukukdışı ticareti, silahlı çatışmalar, şiddet suçları, siviller üzerinde baskı ve zulümleri artırıcı önemli bir faktör olarak ulusal ve uluslararası güvenlik sistemlerine açık bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde bütün dünyada, özellikle Asya, Afrika ve Orta Doğu'da acımasız silahlı çatışmalar devam ederken, bu silahlı çatışmaların telafisi hemen hemen imkansız olan etkilerini azaltmak için hem ulusal düzeylerde hem de uluslararası düzeyde önleyici ve etkin tedbirler almak ve düzenlemelerde bulunmak son derece önemlidir. Bu itibarla, uluslararası hukukdışı silah transferinin kontrol altına alınması gereği, başta Birleşmiş Milletler olmak üzere pek çok forumda uzun süredir önemli tartışma ve ednişe konusu olmuştur. Nihayet, konvansiyonel silahların uluslararası alanda transferinin uluslararası hukuka uygun şekilde gerçekleştirilmesi çabası Birleşmiş Milletler Uluslararası Silah Ticareti Antlaşması ile somutlaşmaya başlamış bulunmaktadır. Türkiye de bu çabaya antlaşmayı imzalayarak katılmış bulunmaktadır. Esas itibarıyla bu makalede, söz konusu antlaşmayla öngörülen uluslararası hukuk rejimi ve beklentileri inceleme konusu yapılmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hukukdışı uluslararası silah ticareti, Birleşmiş Billetler Silah Ticareti Antlaşması, uluslararası kamu hukuku, uluslararası barış, güvenlik ve istikrar. Abstract It is widely recognised that the unregulated international trade in conventional arms has become an exacerbating factor in armed conflicts, violent crimes, and internal repression and therefore has negative externalities and adverse effects on both national and international security. With this regard, the unregulated international trade in conventional arms has long been one of the important subjects of discussion in a variety of fora at both national and international levels. In recent efforts, having acknowledged the benefits from the regulation of international arms transfers and the coordination of controls, international community, notable the United Nations has attempted to deal with the question of arms control through international law, namely the Arms Trade Treaty and establish an international law regime. Turkey also has signed the treaty and took part in the process. As per cruel conflicts all around the world continue, particularly in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, it is important to take preventive and effective measures and actions at both national and international levels to lessen the adverse effects of the armed conflicts. In this regard, this article surveys this significant contribution by the United Nations to the legal regulation of the international arms trade. Key Words: Irregular international arms trade, United Nations Arms Trade Treaty, public international law, international peace, security and stability.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hukukdışı uluslararası silah ticareti, Birleşmiş Billetler Silah Ticareti Antlaşması, uluslararası kamu hukuku, uluslararası barış, güvenlik ve istikrar

It is widely recognised that the unregulated international trade in conventional arms has become an exacerbating factor in armed conflicts, violent crimes, and internal repression and therefore has negative externalities and adverse effects on both national and international security. With this regard, the unregulated international trade in conventional arms has long been one of the important subjects of discussion in a variety of fora at both national and international levels. In recent efforts, having acknowledged the benefits from the regulation of international arms transfers and the coordination of controls, international community, notable the United Nations has attempted to deal with the question of arms control through international law, namely the Arms Trade Treaty and establish an international law regime. Turkey also has signed the treaty and took part in the process. As per cruel conflicts all around the world continue, particularly in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, it is important to take preventive and effective measures and actions at both national and international levels to lessen the adverse effects of the armed conflicts. In this regard, this article surveys this significant contribution by the United Nations to the legal regulation of the international arms trade

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