KÜTAHYA KENT MERKEZİNDE HAVA KALİTESİNİN ZAMANSAL VE MEKANSAL DEĞİŞİMİ

Şehirlerdeki insan nüfusunda hızlı sanayileşme ile ciddi bir artış yaşanmaya başlamış ve bunun sonucunda kentlerdeki hava kalitesinin insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi görülmeye başlanmıştır. Hava kirliliği özellikle çarpık kentleşmenin ve plansız sanayileşmenin sonucu olarak birçok şehirde tehlike sınırlarını aşmaya başlamıştır. Kentsel alanlarda hava kirliliği, küresel ölçekte halk sağlığı üzerinde doğrudan etkisi olan temel çevre sorunları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Kütahya ilinde belirlenen 5 farklı dış ortam noktasında partikül madde (0,3, 0,5, 1, 2, 5 ve 10 μm boyutlarında) ve karbondioksit miktarları ölçülmüş, veriler SPSS 22.0 paket programı yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçüm Kütahya ilindeki farklı özelliklere sahip bu bölgelerin hava kalitesi açısından değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Hava kirliliğinin ana kaynağı olarak sanayii faaliyetleri, trafik ve insan aktiviteleri gelmektedir. Kirlilik düzeyinin yüksek seviyede olması insan sağlığını önemli ölçüde etkileyebilmektedir. Bundan dolayı kentsel planlamalarda bu durumun göz önüne alınarak gerekli tedbirlerin alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Kütahya şehir merkezinin kış dönemine ait CO2 kirliliği ve partikül madde yoğunluğunun zamansal ve mekansal değişiminin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kütahya’daki hava kirliliğinin artışında ısınma başta olmak üzere kullanılan yakıtlar, endüstri faaliyetleri, enerji sağlama ve ulaşım araçlarından kaynaklı olarak yüksek düzeyde kirlilik tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hava kirliliği, karbondioksit, kütahya, partikül madde, Hava Kalitesi

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION OF AIR QUALITY IN KÜTAHYA CITY CENTER

The human population and industrialization has increased that occur negative effect of the air quality on human health in the cities. Air pollution has started to exceed the limits of danger in many cities, especially due to unplanned urbanization and unplanned industrialization. The air pollution in urban areas is among the main environmental problems that show a adverse impact to public health in global sclae. In this study, the amounts of particulate matter (0.3, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 μm) and carbon dioxide were measured at 5 different outdoor locations determined in the province of Kütahya and the data were evaluated with the help of SPSS 22.0 package program. In terms of air quality measurement in regions where were evaluated and compared with different characteristics in Kütahya province. Industrial activities, traffic and human activities are the primary sources of air pollution. The high level of air pollution can significantly affect human health. For this reason, it is necessary to consider some precaution in urban planning. Thus, it is aimed to determine the temporal and spatial changes of CO2 and particulate matter pollution in Kütahya city center during the winter. In the increase of air pollution originating, a high level of air pollution was detected due to the use of fuels used in other activities, industrial activities, energy supply and transportation, especially heating in Kütahya.

Keywords:

Air Pollution, Carbon Dioxide, Kütahya, Particulate Matter, Air Quality.,

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