GLOBAL YOKSULLUK VE ULUSLARARASI ADALET: SİYASET FELSEFESİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Uluslararası adalet teorileri uluslararası arenada geçerli olacak adalet ilkelerini ortaya koyma amacı taşırlar; global yoksulluk, insancıl müdahale, adil savaş, insan hakları ve göç gibi sorunları tartışarak adalet probleminin alanını domestik alandan uluslararası alana genişletirler. Global yoksulluk son zamanlarda siyaset felsefesi literatüründe en çok tartışılan sorunlardan bir tanesi olup, disiplinlerarası bir problemdir. Bu makalenin amacı uluslararası adaletin en önemli problemlerinden bir tanesi olan global yoksulluğun azaltılmasında başvurulabilecek ahlaki temelleri ortaya koymaktır. Bu sebeple, makalede ilk olarak global yoksulluğun etik bir mesele olarak farklı boyutları açıklanmaktadır. İkinci olarak, global yoksulllukla ilgili siyaset felsefesi literatürde baskın olan “Zarar İlkesi” ve “Yardım Etme Ödevi” olarak adlandırılan ahlaki iki ilkenin temel argümanları eleştirel olarak analiz edilmektedir. Her iki ahlaki ilke kısmen akla yatkın olup; kendi içinde yetersizdir. Buradan hareketle bu makale, global yoksulluğun azaltılmasında her iki ahlaki ilkenin yetersiz olduğu ve özellikle insan haklarını esas alan bir temelden hareketle desteklenmeleri gerektiğini savunmaktadır. 

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