AVRUPA’DA ŞİDDETE VARAN RADİKALLEŞME VE SAĞ AŞIRICILIK

Son yıllarda gerçekleşen bir dizi terör saldırısı, aşırı sağın şiddete varan radikalleşmesinin son derece yıkıcı potansiyelini ortaya koyduğu için bu olgunun dinamikleri ve oluşturduğu tehditler üzerine yeni bir ilgi ve tartışma dalgası başladı. Savunmasız gruplara (Müslümanlar, Romanlar, göçmenler ve mülteciler vs.) yönelik saldırılar ve nefret söylemi vakalarındaki artışla birlikte düşünüldüğünde daha tahammülsüz, dışlayıcı ve şiddete varan aşırıcılığı normalleştiren geniş ve köklü bir temayülün Avrupa ülkelerinde ortaya çıktığına dair endişeler var. Ayrıca, Avrupa siyasi bağlamında yerlici milliyetçiliğin yükselişi ve göçmenlere karşı düşmanca kamusal söylemlerin gelişmesi gibi ortaya çıkan temayüller, geleneksel olarak aşırı sağa atfedilen fkirleri ana akım tartışmaya taşıdı. Şiddet içermeyen radikal sağ siyasetin yükselişinin yanı sıra, gerek örgütlü hareketler gerekse de gayrı resmi sosyal ağlar veya bireyler eliyle gerçekleşmesi muhtemel aşırı sağ şiddetine dair kaygılar giderek artıyor. Bu arka plana rağmen şiddete varan aşırıcılık ve radikalleşme gibi olguların Avrupa’da hala büyük oranda din temelli oluşumlar kapsamında ele alındığı, aşırı sağın ise yeteri kadar bu çerçevede dikkate alınmadığı gözlenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Şiddete Varan Radikalleşme, Sağ Aşırıcılık, Aşırı Sağ, Yalnız Aktör Terörizmi, Çevrimiçi/İnternet Üzerinden Radikalleşme, Ana-Akımlaştırma

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