GÜNDELİK HAYAT, İKTİDAR İLİŞKİLERİ VE ETİK KODLARIN KESİŞİMİNDE ETNOGRAFİK ARAŞTIRMA

Etnografik araştırma insanların doğayla, kültürle, nesnelerle, hayal gücüyle, pratikle yani yaşamın tüm alanlarıyla ilişkilerini onların kendi terimleriyle anlamaya çalışır. Bu araştırma yöntemi, araştırılan ve araştırmacı arasında uzun süreli ve yakın bir ilişkiye dayanmaktadır. Bu güvene dayalı yakın ilişki pek çok etik sorunu da beraberinde getirir. Bu yazıda insan araştırmalarında uyulması gereken etik kritelerin ortaya çıkışına ve özellikle son 30 yılda bu kuralların hızla kurumsallaşmasının etnografik araştırmalar üzerindeki etkisine bakılacaktır. Bu tartışmalar bir yandan etnografik yönteme ilişkin etik kodların sınırlarını gösterirken bir yandan da gündelik hayattaki ilişkileri merkezine alan etnografik araştırmaların daha genel politik ve etik meselelerle nasıl ilişkileneceğine dair soruları ortaya çıkarır. Yazının ikinci kısmı Türkiye'de etnografik araştırmalarda etik soruları nasıl düşünebileceğimizle ilgilidir. Sonuç bölümünde ise etnografik araştırmaların giderek etik yaşamla ilgili sorulara yöneliyor oluşuyla ilgili kısa bir tartışma yer almaktadır.

ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH AT THE INTERSECTIONS OF EVERYDAY LIFE, POWER RELATIONS AND ETHICAL CODES

Ethnographic research aims to understand people's relation to all aspects of life including nature, culture, things, imagination and practice on their own terms. This research method is based on a long-term and intimate relationship between researcher and researched. This intimate relationship, which is based on trust brings about a number of ethical problems. This article first of all looks at the rise of ethical codes in human subject research and the influence of institutionalization of ethical rules on ethnographic research in the last three decades. These debates show the limits of ethical codes in ethnographic method and raise questions about how ethnographic research, which revolve around everyday life, engages with the questions of politics and ethics. The second part of the article deals with the ethical questions in ethnographic research in Turkey. The last part briefly discusses the fact that recently more ethnographic researches address questions about the ethical life.

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