“GÖÇMEN İSTEKLERİ” YAKLAŞIMI IŞIĞINDA BEYKOZ, KARASU MAHALLESİ’NDEKİ REFAKATSİZ AFGAN GÖÇMEN ÇOCUKLARIN YAŞAMLARINI SÜRDÜRME MÜCADELELERİ

Bu makale, İstanbul, Beykoz Karasu Mahallesi’nde yaşamlarını sürdüren refakatsiz Afgan göçmen çocukların hayatlarını sürdürme deneyimlerini tartışmaktadır. Makaleye kaynaklık eden veri, 2015 Temmuz - 2017 Ağustos arasında, Afgan göçmen çocuklar ve Karasu Mahallesi’nin daha eski sakinleriyle yapılmış derinlemesine görüşmelerden oluşan, niteliksel bir araştırmanın sonuçlarına dayanmaktadır. Makale, kuramsal olarak “göçmen istekleri” yaklaşımını benimsemektedir. Göç çalışmaları alanında yeni bir yaklaşım olan “göçmen istekleri”, göçmenleri varılan ülke açısından bir entegrasyon sorunu olarak ele almak yerine, göç eden aktörleri göç deneyiminin aktif özneleri olarak görmeyi önerir. Bu çerçeveden bakan bu makale, Karasu Mahallesi’ndeki refakatsiz Afgan göçmen çocukları, öncelikle, göç etmeye karar veren aktif özneler olarak görmeyi önermektedir. İkinci olarak, Afgan göçmen çocukları göçle geldikleri mahallede uygun sosyal mesafeleri yakalayabilmek için pazarlık eden özneler olarak ele almaktadır. Son bölümde ise, göçmen çocuk işçiler olarak sömürülen bu çocukların, dahil oldukları emek pazarında hayatta kalabilmek için stratejiler geliştiren özneler olduklarını ortaya koymaktadır.

CONSIDERING SURVIVAL OF UNACCOMPANIED AFGHAN MIGRANT CHILDREN IN BEYKOZ, KARASU NEIGHBORHOOD WITH “MIGRANT ASPIRATIONS” PERSPECTIVE

This article discusses the survival experiences of unaccompanied Afghan migrant minors in Karasu Neighborhood, Beykoz, Istanbul. The qualitative fieldwork of this research was conducted between July 2015 and August 2017, making interviews with Afghan migrant minors and community dwellers. This article is theoretically grounded on the premises of “migrant aspirations” approach. As a new perspective in migration studies, rather than seeing migrants as a part of integration issues, “migrant aspirations” approach proposes considering the migrant as the active subject of migration experience. With that framework, this article proposes considering Afghan migrant minors in Karasu Neighborhood as the active decisionmakers of migration process. Secondly, it considers them as active subjects who make negotiations in order to manage proper social distances in the neighborhood. Lastly, it considers Afghan migrant children as subjects who develop strategies in order to survive in labor market, where they are exploited as unaccompanied child workers.

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