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Hz. Musa’nın Yüzleştiği Statüko: Kadim Mısır’ın Ma’at Doktrini

Hz. Musa firavun ile karşılaştığında mücadele etmesi gereken en temel sorun, kadim Mısır mitolojisinin ürettiği ma’at doktrini olmuştur. Kaos ve karmaşa karşısından düzen ve uyumu koruyup sürdüren bu doktrin firavunlarının tanrısal meşruiyet kaynağını ifade etmiştir. Mısır’ın erken dönemindeki politik bölünmüşlük ve savaşların ardından sağlanan barış ortamı Set ve Horus olarak iki farklı tanrısal unsur ile nitelenmiştir. Firavunlara huzur ve düzenin sağlanması görevi Horus yetkisiyle sağlanmıştır. Böylece kadim Mısır’da düzensizlik ve kaos korkusu üzerine inşa edilmiş güçlü bir ma’at doktrini söz konusudur. Bu doktrin kurulu düzenleri korurken firavunları düzen ve istikrardan sorumlu tanrısal unsur yani Horus olarak nitelemiştir. Hz. Musa’nın firavun karşısında yüzleştiği en çetin direnç noktası binlerce yıllık mitolojik temel üzerine oturmuş olan bu statükocu yapıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çıkış, Hz. Musa, Mısır, firavun, Horus, ma’at

The Status quo that Moses Faced: The Ma’at Doctrine of Ancient Egypt

The most basic problem that Prophet Moses has to deal with, when he encountered Pharaoh is the ma’at doctrine that is produced Egyptian mythology. This doctrine, which preserves the rule and order against to chaos and disorder, had stated the divine legitimacy source of Pharaohs. The peace situation had been provided after several wars and political division in early Egyptian history. This setting was described with two different divine beings as Seth and Horus. The Pharaohs were ensured via Horus power for providing order and tranquility. So, there is a strong ma’at doctrine, which is established on disorder and chaos fear in ancient Egypt. This doctrine protects the established orders and Pharaohs are described as divine being, that is Horus, which is responsible for stability and order. The stiff resistance that prophet Moses faced against Pharaoh is this status quo, which resided on the thousands of year’s mythological basis.

Keywords:

Exodus, Prophet Moses, Egypt, Pharaoh, Horus, ma’at,

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