Gnostik Bilginin Varoluşçu Yorumu

Bu makalede gnostik bilginin, gnosisin modern temelci epistemolojiden farklı olduğuna işaret edeceğiz. Zaten epistemeden farklı olarak, gnosis, tecrübî, sezgisel, gizemli, bahşedilen ve personel bir bilgidir. O, kurtuluş için bir anahtardır. O tecrübî olduğundan, insanı yeni bir varoluşa dönüştürür. Bu bakımdan, gnostik dünya görüşünü modern varoluşçu felsefeyle karşılaştırmaktayız. Bir taraftan, gnostik bilginin varoluşçu okumasına ulaşmaya çalışmaktayız, diğer taraftan, varoluşçuluğun gnostik okumasını gerçekleştirmeyi amaçlamaktayız.

The Exixtentialist Interpretation of the Gnostic Knowledge

In this article, we’ll point out that gnostic knowledge, the gnosis, is diffrent from the modern foundationalist epistemology. Unlike the episteme, the gnosis is the experiential, intuitive, secret, endowed and personal knowledge. It is a key to salvation. Since it is experiential, it transforms the person into a new existence. In this respect, we compare the gnostic worldview with modern existentialist philosophy. On the one hand, we try to attain the existentialist reading of Gnostic knowledge, on the other hand we aim to realize the gnostic reading of Existentialism.

___

  • Barnbach, Charles R., Heidegger, Dilthey and the Crisis of Historicism, Cornell University Press, Ithaca 1995.
  • Bell, Jeffrey A., “Immanence/Transcendence”, Eric Voegelin’s Dialogue with the Postmoderns, ed. Peter A. Petrakis, Cecil L. Eubanks, University of Missouri Press, London 2004, (93-120).
  • Bozkurt, Nejat, 20. yy. Düşünce Akımları, Morpa, İstanbul 2003. Buckley, Jorun Jacobsen, Female, Fault and Fulfilment in Gnosticism, The University of North Carolina Press, London 1986.
  • ______, The Mandeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People, Oxford University Press, New York, 2002.
  • Bultmann, Rudolf , The Gospel of John, Basic Blackwell, Oxford 1971.
  • Bloom, Harold, Omens of Millenium: The Gnosis of Angels, Dreams and Resurrection, Riverhead Books, New York 1996.
  • Caputo, John, Demythologizing Heidegger, Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1993.
  • ______, “Heidegger’in Düşüncesinde Mistik Unsurlar”, Heidegger ve Din, ed. Ahmet Demirhan, Gelenek, İstanbul 2004, (169-206).
  • Ehrman, Bart D., Lost Christianities, Oxford University Press, New York 2003.
  • Eliade, Mircea, Dinsel İnançlar ve Düşünceler Tarihi, cilt 2, Kabalcı, İstanbul 2003.
  • Floramo, Giovanni, A History of Gnosticism, Blackwell 1990. Foster, Paul, The Apocryphal Gospels, Oxford University Press, New York 2009.
  • Gadamer, Hans George, Heidegger’s Ways, State University of New York Press, New York 1994.
  • ______, Philosophical Hermeneutics, University of California Press, Berkeley 1977.
  • Guignon, Charles B. “Heidegger ve Bilgi Problemi: Kartezyen Doğrulama Modeli Sorgulaması”, İnsan Bilimlerine Prolegomena, der. Hüsamettin Arslan, Paradigma, İstanbul 2002, (367-412).
  • Gündüz, Şinasi, “ Sabiilik”, Yaşayan Dünya Dinleri, ed. Şinasi Gündüz, Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, İstanbul 2007, (472-491).
  • Heidegger, Martin, Being and Time, Harper&Row, New York 1962.
  • Hotam, Yotam, “Overcoming the Mentor: Heidegger’s Present and the Presence of Heidegger in Karl Löwith’s and Hans Jonas’ Postwar Thought”, History of European Ideas, 2009, (35), (253–264).
  • Jardine, Murray, “Sight, Sound, Participatory Symbolization”, Eric Voegelin’s Dialogue with the Postmoderns, ed. Peter A. Petrakis, Cecil L. Eubanks, University of Missouri Press, London 2004, (57-92).
  • Jonas, Hans, The Gnostic Religion, Beacon Press, Boston 1958. King, C.W., Gnostics, Their Remains, Ancient and Mediaeval, W. Clowes and Sons London 1887.
  • Kripal, Jeffrey J., The Serpent’s Gift, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2007
  • Lampe, Peter, Christians at Rome in the First Two Centruies, Fortress Press, Minneapolis 2003.
  • Macquarrie, John, An Existentialist Theology: A Comparison of Heidegger and Bultmann, SCM Press, London 1955.
  • Martin, Sean, The Gnostics, The First Christian Heretics, Pocket Essentials, Harpenden 2006.
  • Morris, Joe E., Revival of the Gnostic Heresy, Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2008,
  • Pagels, Elaine, The Origin of Satan, Vintage Books, New York 1996.
  • ______, The Gnostic Gospels, Vintage Books, New York 1989.
  • ______, The Gnostic Paul: The Gnostic Exegesis of the Pauline Letters, Fortress Press, Philadelphia 1975.
  • Quispel, Gilles, Gnostic Studies, Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, Istanbul 1974.
  • Rudolph, Kurt, Gnosis, T and T Clark Limited, New York 1983.
  • Safranski, Rüdiger, Bir Alman Üstat Heidegger, Kabalcı , İstanbul 2008.
  • Segal, Robert, Myth: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, New York 2004.
  • ______, Robert Segal, Theorizing About Myth, University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst 1999.
  • Tzamalikos, P., Origen: Philosophy of History&Eschatology, Brill, Leiden 1997
  • Uro, Risto, Thomas: Seeking the Historical Context of the Gospel of the Thomas, T&T Clark, New York 2003.