Kök ve yumru bitkilerin hasadıyla oluşan toprak erozyonunda kaybolan besin maddelerinin sera gazı ayak izi değerler

Bitki hasadı nedeniyle toprak kaybı sürdürülebilir tarımı tehdit eden toprak erozyonunun önemli bir bileşenidir. Bitki hasadıyla oluşan toprak kaybı 1.81 ile 4.55 Mg ha-1 hasat-1 değerleri arasında değişmektedir. İzmir’in Ödemiş ilçesi, Konya ili, Sakarya’nın Geyve ilçesinde patates, havuç ve kereviz hasadındaki toprakla kaybolan besin maddelerine eşdeğer gübre üretimindeki sera gazları tahmin edilmiştir. Mineral gübrelerin üretimi küresel sera gazı emisyonuna katkıda bulunmaktadır. Çalışma alanında patates, havuç ve kereviz hasadıyla kaybolan toprak miktarı yılda yaklaşık 40x103 Mg’dir. Bu toprak kaybı yılda 32.93 Mg N, 3.21 Mg P2O5, ve 7.69 Mg K2O kaybına neden olmaktadır. Gübrelerin üretimi esas alındığında sera gazı olarak atmosfere yılda 270 Mg CO2 salınmaktadır. Bitki hasadı nedeniyle toprak kaybını azaltmak için toprak yönetimi uygulamalarında besin maddesi kayıpları ve sera gazı emisyonlarına daha fazla önem verilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Toprak erozyonu, Besin maddesi kayıpları, Sera gazı emisyonları, Patates, Havuç

Greenhouse gas footprint of replacing nutrients lost through soil erosion due to root and tuber crops harvesting

Soil loss due to root crop harvesting (SLCH) is an important component of total soil erosion that threatens sustainable agriculture. Globally, it ranges from 1.81 to 4.55 Mg ha-1 per harvest. I assessed greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of producing fertilizer to replace nutrients lost with soil due to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), and celery (Apium graveolens L.) harvesting in the Izmir-Odemis town, Konya province and Sakarya-Geyve town in Turkey. Production of mineral fertilizers contributes to the global GHG emissions. About 40x103 Mg of soil per year was lost annually through potato, carrot and celery harvest from the study region, which resulted in 32.93 Mg of N, 3.21 Mg of P2O5, and 7.69 Mg of K2O losses per year. The fertilizer production to replace the nutrients lost releases about 270 Mg CO2 per year. The large nutrient losses and GHG emissions warrant consideration of soil management practices to reduce SLCH.

Keywords:

Soil erosion, Soil nutrient losses, Greenhouse gas emissions, Potato, Carrot,

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