Kayısıda (Prunus armeniaca) kendine uyuşmazlık mekanizması

Kayısı (Prunus armeniaca L.) ticari olarak üretimi yapılan en önemli meyve türlerinden biridir. Rosaceae familyasının Prunoideae alt familyasına mensup 2n=16 kromozom içeren bir meyve türüdür. Kayısının da içinde bulunduğu birçok önemli Prunus meyve türü basit bir multialelik S lokusu tarafından kontrol edilen ve kendi polenini reddeden homomorfik gametofitik kendine uyuşmazlık sistemine sahiptir. Önemli bazı kayısı genotiplerinde mevcut uyuşmazlık durumlarının bilinmemesi ciddi ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Uyuşmazlık aynı zamanda ıslah çalışmalarında da istenmeyen bir durumdur ve kendine uyuşmaz kayısı genotipleri elimine edilmektedir. Bir çeşitte uyuşmazlık durumunun tanımlanması kontrollü tozlama denemeleriyle, stilusta polen tüpü incelemeleriyle, stilusta ribonukleaz analizleriyle ve s allel spesifik PCR yöntemleriyle belirlenebilmektedir. Kayısıda şimdiye kadar PCR bazlı S allel analizleriyle 66 adet uyuşmazlık alleli tanımlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kayısı, Prunus armeniaca, Kendine uyuşmazlık, Verim

Self incompatibility mechanism in apricot (Prunus armeniaca)

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is one of the most important fruits produced for commercial purposes. It belongs to the Prunoideae subfamily of Rosaceae with a diploid 2n=16 chromosomes. Many important Prunus fruit types including apricot have homomorphic gametophytic self-incompatibility system controlled by a simple multi-allelic S locus, which denies its own pollen. That existing incompatibility status is unknown in some important apricot genotypes causes serious economic losses. Incompatibility is an undesirable situation in breeding and self-incompatible apricot genotypes are eliminated. Identification of incompatibility status in one type can be determined by controlled fertilization trials, by stylus pollen tube examinations, by stylus ribonuclease analyses or S allel specific PCR methods. The 66 incompatibility alleles have been identified in apricot so far with PCR based S allel analyses.

Keywords:

Apricot, Prunus armeniaca, Self-incompatibility, Fertilization,

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